The
most important factor in the diagnosis of malaria is high level of suspicion
(WHO 1995). As malaria distribution is not wide spread. The possibility of
induced malaria through contaminated needs or transfusion cannot be over
looked. The clinical symptoms may be confused with number of other disease.
1.
The classical method for diagnosis of malaria is the examination of a blood
smear under a high microscope. This technique is sensitive and specific, but
labour intensive, and requires a good microscope and skilled personnel.
2.
The need for a simple, sensitive, fast and accurate method of diagnosis has
prompted the development of various diagnostic kits. The kits are marketed
under different brand names include parasite F,® malaQuick®, ICT malaria Pt/Pv
test, QBC®, makro-malrapid finger prick test, Optimal® assay among others.
3. Although PCR/ELISA technique is fast, highly
sensitive and reliable, the high cost and expertise needed makes the technique
more of a research tool than for routine diagnosis in Africa, because childhood
deaths developing symptoms, provision of rapid diagnostic kits especially at community
health centres is recommended, and should be addressed as a matter of
urgency.
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