Malnourished
is diagnosed by anthropometric measurements and physical examinations,
correlation of malnutrition and growth retardation allows assessment of the
individual nutritional stage, which is usually measured by as body mass index
(MBT) BMTS are given as weight-for-height [Schaible, U. E.; and Kaufmann S. H. E.
2007]. PCM is defined by measurement that fall below 2 standard
deviations
2. height-for-age (Stunting)
and
3. weight-for-height
(Wasting)
[Pinstrup-Andersen, et al., 1993].
Wasting indicates recent
weight loss, whereas Stunting usually result from being chronically underweight
of all the children under 5 years of age in developing countries about 31% are
under weight 38% have Stunted growth and 9% show Wasting [Muller, O.; and
Krawinkel, (CMAJ, 2005].
Underweight, Stunting,
and wasting form PCM. Each represents different histories of nutritional
deficits. Occurring primarily in the first 2-3 years of life, linear growth
retardation (Stunting) is frequently associated with repeated exposure to
adverse economic conditions, poor sanitation, and interactive effect of poor
energy and nutrient intake and infection low weight-for-age indicates a history
of poor health or nutrition deficiencies, including recurrent illness and/or
starvation. In contrast, low weight-for-height is an indicator of wasting or
thinness and is generally associated with recent illness, weight loss or a
failure to gain weight [Bloss, E.; et al., 2004].
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