INTRODUCTION
This research was
carried out on ‘the need for guidance and counseling services in secondary
school in Kaduna State with particular reference to five selected secondary
school in Kaduna north Local Government Area in Kaduna State. To achieve the
objective of this study, data relevant to the study were collected and
analyzed.
The tool used for the
collection of data questionnaires which were administered to students, teachers
and principals of the selected schools. He schools included G. D.S.S
Rigachinkun, G.G.S.S Kawo, D.G.S.S Kawo, G.D.S.S. U/Sarki and S.M.C.
These selected schools
were used to represent the remaining secondary school in the state.
The questionnaire for
the student consist of nineteen (19) items, teachers fourteen (14)
items and principals
ten (10) items respectively. The data and findings of this research were
descriptive statistically analyzed by percentage in tabular form.
|
S/NO
|
|
NO
|
NO
|
NO
|
NO
|
PERCENTAGE%
|
REMARKS
|
|||
|
SA
|
A
|
D
|
SD
|
SA
|
A
|
D
|
SD
|
|||
|
1
|
There is the need for
guidance and counseling in secondary schools
|
51
|
29
|
3
|
2
|
56.7
|
32.22
|
3.33
|
2.22
|
Strongly agree
|
|
2
|
There are no
adequately trained guidance and counseling personal in secondary school.
|
49
|
30
|
4
|
2
|
54.4
|
33.3
|
4.4
|
2
|
Strongly agree
|
|
3
|
Guidance and
counseling services is recently introduced to the schools
|
52
|
28
|
2
|
3
|
57.8
|
31.1
|
2.2
|
3.3
|
Strongly agree
|
|
4
|
Guidance and
counseling encourage good
interpersonal relationship between children
|
45
|
35
|
3
|
2
|
50
|
38.9
|
3.3
|
2.2
|
Strongly agree
|
|
5
|
Guidance and
counseling will help the child to become a useful member of the school, home
and the society in general.
|
51
|
27
|
5
|
2
|
56.6
|
30
|
5.6
|
2.2
|
Strongly agree
|
|
6
|
There are no relevant
materials for guidance and counseling services in the school.
|
46
|
28
|
7
|
4
|
51.1
|
31.1
|
7.8
|
4.4
|
Strongly agree
|
|
7
|
Counselor can help
reduce delinquency among secondary school student.
|
31
|
24
|
10
|
6
|
56.7
|
26.7
|
11.1
|
6.7
|
Strongly agree
|
|
8
|
Guidance and
counseling is not necessary in secondary school in Kaura Local Government
|
3
|
5
|
26
|
51
|
3.3
|
5.6
|
28.9
|
56.7
|
Strongly disagree
|
|
9
|
Guidance and
counseling programme in secondary school in time wasting.
|
5
|
2
|
29
|
49
|
5.6
|
2.2
|
32.2
|
54.4
|
Strongly disagree
|
|
10
|
Students in secondary
school do well without guidance and counseling.
|
4
|
4
|
30
|
47
|
4.4
|
4.4
|
33.3
|
52.2
|
Strongly disagree
|
|
11
|
Career master do
frequently come to your class for guidance and counseling
|
40
|
30
|
7
|
8
|
44.4
|
33.3
|
7.8
|
8.8
|
Strongly agree
|
|
12
|
Vocational guidance
and counseling is included in your school time only that no counselor
|
4
|
6
|
20
|
55
|
4.4
|
6.7
|
22.2
|
61.1
|
Strongly disagree
|
|
13
|
Your school offered
the following practical subject woodwork metalwork, automobile
|
40
|
3
|
2
|
40
|
44.4
|
3.3
|
2.2
|
44.4
|
50.50
|
|
14
|
Your school is
provide with all the material necessary for guidance and counseling service
by the state ministry of education
|
15
|
6
|
4
|
60
|
16.7
|
6.7
|
4.4
|
66.7
|
Strongly disagree
|
|
15
|
It is the duty of the
career masters to enlighten you on jobs opportunities, but they don’t do
that.
|
48
|
20
|
10
|
7
|
53.3
|
22.2
|
11.1
|
7.8
|
Strongly agree
|
|
16
|
Guidance and
counseling is a tool for national development.
|
60
|
20
|
3
|
2
|
66.7
|
22.2
|
3.3
|
2.2
|
Strongly agree
|
|
17
|
In guidance and
counseling the child benefit most
|
30
|
40
|
14
|
0
|
33.3
|
44.4
|
16.7
|
0
|
Strongly disagree
|
|
18
|
The principals, teacher
do not see the need for guidance and counseling service in secondary school
|
4
|
6
|
25
|
50
|
4.4
|
6.6
|
27.8
|
55.6
|
Strongly disagree
|
|
19
|
Some of the secondary
school student do not know the role of guidance personnel.
|
50
|
30
|
4
|
1
|
55.6
|
33.3
|
4.4
|
1.1
|
Strongly agree
|
Considering
the student responses to items 1 in table 1 above, this clearly indicated that
5 (56.7%) strongly agree that there was, the need for guidance’s and counseling
in secondary schools. Hence guidance and counseling should be included or
introduced to secondary schools.
Students
response to items 2 table I above revealed that 49 (54..4%) strongly agreed
that there were no adequately trained guidance and counseling personnel be
provided to secondary schools to help students in closing their apporopriate
career in the future.
Item
3 of table 1 indicated that guidance and counseling services was recently
introduced to schools. This is simply services was recently introduced to
schools. This is simply because 52 (57%) of the students strongly agreed
while only 2 (2.2%) disagreed and 3
(3.3%) strongly disagreed. This implies that, late introduction of guidance and
counseling services in secondary school, contribute to the improper implementation
of the programme.
Item
4 in table 1 indicated that, guidance and counseling encourage good
interpersonal relationship between students. This is revealed by 45(50%)
student who strongly agreed (38.9%) also agreed, while 3 students (3.3)
disagreed and 2 student (2.2%).
The
responses to item 5 in table 1 also indicated that guidance and counseling
helped student to become useful member of the school, home and society in
general as being strongly agreed by 51 (56.7%) and 27 (30%) who also agreed
with the assertion.
This
means that guidance and counseling plays an important role in assisting the
students to become useful member of the society generally.
In
item 6 table 1 46 representing (51.1%) of the responses showed that, students
strongly agreed that, there were no
relevant materials for guidance and counseling services in the school. Hence,
it is of paramount important for the government to provide necessary materials
for guidance and counseling in secondary schools.
Item
7 able 1 indicated that 51 (56.7%) respondents strongly agreed and 24 (26.7%)
of the student agreed tat counselors can help reduce delinquency among
secondary school students.
The
responses to item 8 table 1, revealed that guidance and counseling is necessary
in Kaduna north Local Government Area of
Kaduna State as being indicated 51 (56.7%) who strongly agreed and 26 (28.9%)
of student are those who also disagreed.
It
was established that guidance and counseling was not time wasting in secondary
school as shown in table 1 item 9 where
49 (5.4%) strongly agreed and 29 (3.2%) disagreed.
The
responses to item 10 is table 1 showed that 47 (52-2%) strongly disagreed with
statement that student in secondary school do well without guidance and
counseling. Therefore, guidance and counseling certainly help students to do
well in schools and palm for their future career.
Item
11 table 1 showed that career master frequently visit some classes for guidance
and counseling as revealed from the responses in this table 40 (94.4%) strongly
agreed and 30 (33.3%) only agreed. And this is done with a view to enhance and
counseling.
Student
responses to item 12 as shown in table 1 indicated that 55 (61.1%) strongly
agreed while 20 student (22.2) disagree that vocational guidance and counseling
was included in their school time table. They complained that were no
counselors. Therefore, this programme should be included in schools timetable
as it facilitates the students in choosing their appropriate career in the
future.
Responses
to item 13 revealed that 0 student who constitute (44.4%) offered practical
subjects, while 40 (4.4%) do not offer practical subjects. This highlights the
need to introduce practical subjects to those secondary schools where there
none for the purpose of vocational
guidance and counseling.
Item
14 in table 1 indicate that 60 (66.7%) agrees that their schools were not
provided with all the necessary materials for guidance and counseling services
by the ministry of education
The
responses to item 15 1n table 1 with 48 ( 53.3%) showed that the career master
do not enlighten them on job opportunities even though it is their duties to do
so.
Item
16 of table 1 as revealed by 60 (66.7%) clearly showed that guidance and
counseling is a tool for nation development. Hence it should be seriously
encouraged by the authority concern. In item 17, it is clearly indicated that
40 students representing (44.4%) of the responses agreed that in guidance and
counseling, the student benefit most.
Responses
to item 18 in table 1 50 (55.6%) student were with the opinion that,
principals, teachers acknowledge the need for guidance and counseling services
in secondary schools. Therefore
guidance and counseling services should be encouraged.
In
item 19 table 50 ( 55.6%) students strongly agreed that some of the secondary
school student do not know the role of guidance and counseling personnel. This
suggests that, there is need to create awareness on the importance of guidance
and counseling in secondary schools.
Table Two
TEACHERS RESPONSES
|
Items
|
|
NO
|
NO
|
NO
|
NO
|
PERCENTAGES %
|
REMARKS
|
|||
|
SA
|
A
|
D
|
SD
|
SA
|
A
|
D
|
SD
|
|||
|
1
|
Your student attitude
towards guidance and counseling is quite encouraging
|
2
|
3
|
3
|
8
|
12.5
|
18.7
|
18.7
|
50
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
2
|
Your school does not
have sufficient trained guidance and counseling personnel
|
9
|
4
|
2
|
1
|
56
|
25
|
12.5
|
6.25
|
Strongly agreed
|
|
3
|
Your school is said to be supplied with
relevant materials for guidance and counseling services
|
2
|
2
|
5
|
7
|
12.5
|
12.5
|
31
|
43.7
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
4
|
Guidance and
counseling Is not necessary in your school.
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
9
|
12.5
|
12.5
|
18.7
|
56
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
5
|
The school in which
you are a teacher does not have adequate facilities for the smooth running of
guidance and counseling
|
7
|
3
|
4
|
2
|
43.7
|
18.7
|
25
|
12.5
|
Strongly agreed
|
|
6
|
The teachers,
principal in your school do not see the need a guidance and counseling in the
school.
|
3
|
3
|
|
6
|
18.7
|
25
|
37.5
|
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
7
|
Student in your
school do well without guidance and counseling
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
7
|
18.7
|
18.7
|
18.7
|
43.7
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
8
|
It is often said that
counselor can help student solve his problems
|
8
|
5
|
3
|
0
|
62.5
|
18.7
|
18.7
|
0
|
Strongly agreed
|
|
9
|
There is the need for
expending guidance and counseling services beyond secondary school.
|
10
|
3
|
3
|
0
|
62.5
|
18.7
|
18.7
|
0
|
Strongly agreed
|
|
10
|
The secondary school
are not appropriate for guidance and counseling
|
0
|
2
|
5
|
9
|
0
|
12.5
|
31
|
56
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
11
|
Any teacher can as
well be a counselor in his own school.
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
7
|
18.7
|
18.7
|
18.7
|
43.7
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
12
|
Guidance and
counseling is considered as time and money wastage
|
0
|
3
|
3
|
10
|
0
|
18.7
|
18.7
|
62.5
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
13
|
Government encourages
guidance and counseling programme by supply sufficient material and
personnel.
|
2
|
4
|
4
|
6
|
12.5
|
25
|
|
|
|
|
14
|
Guidance and
counseling is such a destructive programme which brings about nothing but
manpower shortage.
|
0
|
2
|
4
|
10
|
0
|
12.5
|
|
|
Strongly disagreed
|
DISCUSION OF TEACHERS RESPONSES
The
teachers responses in 1 table 11 above showed 8 (50%) of the teachers strongly
disagreed that their students attitude towards guidance and counseling were not
encouraging. On the other hand 3 (18.7%) agreed and disagreed respectively.
Items
2 above indicated that 9 (56%) of the teachers strongly agreed not having
sufficient trained guidance and counseling personnel. While 4 (25%) only agreed
of not having sufficient trained guidance and counseling personnel.
The
teachers responses to item 3 in table 11 above showed that 7 (43.7%) of the
teachers strongly disagreed confirming that the school was not supplied with relevant materials for guidance
and counseling services while 5 (31%) disagreed and 2 (12.5%) agreed.
In
the statement that guidance and counseling Is not necessary in secondary
schools, 9 (56%) of the teachers strongly disagreed while 3 (18.7%) disagreed
and 2 (12.5%) agreed.
Items
5 table11 indicated that 7(43.7%) of the teachers strongly agreed that there
were no a
adequate facilities for
the smooth running of guidance and counseling. While 4(25%)disagreed and 3
(18%)agreed.
Looking at the
statement that the teachers, principals do not see the need for guidance and
counseling 6 (37.5%) of the teachers strongly disagreed. While 4 (25%)
disagreed and 3 (18.7%) agreed.In an enquiring on the statement that Student do
well without guidance and counseling, in item 7 table 11 above revealed that
7(43.3%) strongly disagreed. While 3 (18%) strongly agreed and 3(18.7%) agreed.
Responses to item 8
table 2 above revealed that 8 (50%) of the teachers strongly agreed that
counselor can help student solve his problems. while 5 (31%) agreed and 3
(18.7%).
The teachers responses
to item 9 in table 11 above indicated that 10 (62.5%) of the teachers strongly
agreed. While 3 (18.7%) agreed and the other 3 (18.7%) disagreed.
In an attempt to
obtained the opinion of the respondents on the statement which says, the
secondary school are not appropriate for the guidance and counseling in item 10
table 11, 9 (56%) of the teachers strongly disagreed, 5 (31%) disagreed and 2 (12.5%) agreed.
In the responses made
by the teachers in item 2 ii table 11 7 (43.7%) strongly disagreed that
teachers can as well be a counselor. While 3 (18.7%) disagreed, 3 (18.7%) also
strongly agreed.
Considering the opinion
obtained so far in item 12 table 11 10 (62.5%) of the teachers strongly
disagreed with the statement which says guidance and counseling is considered
as tie and money wastage. And at the same time 3 (18.7%) disagreed while 3
(18.7%) agreed.
Based on the statement
which reads government encourages guidance and counseling programmed by supply
sufficient materials and personnel in item 13 table 11 6 (37.5%) of s the
teacher strongly disagreed 4 (25%) agreed and 2 (12.5%) strongly agreed.
In item 14 table 11
above revealed that 10 (62.5%) of the teachers strongly disagreed with the
statement that guidance and counseling is a destructive programme which bring
about manpower shortage” while 4 (25%) disagreed and 2 (12.5%) agreed.
TABLE
THREE
PRINCIPAL’S
RESPONSES
|
Items
|
|
NO
|
NO
|
NO
|
NO
|
PRECENTAGE %
|
REMARK
|
|||
|
SA
|
A
|
D
|
SD
|
SA
|
A
|
D
|
SD
|
|||
|
1
|
There is the need for guidance and
counseling service in your schools
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
100
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Strongly agreed
|
|
2
|
The ministry of education supply your school with enough guidance and
counseling masters
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
20
|
50
|
Strongly agreed
|
|
3
|
In case where there is no support
from the ministry in terms of funds, facilities the principals normally gives
such support.
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
20
|
20
|
60
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
4
|
There is no need of guidance and
counseling in your school
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
100
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
5
|
There is sufficiently trained
guidance and counseling personnel in your school
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
20
|
20
|
20
|
40
|
Strongly agreed
|
|
6
|
Counselor can help reduces student
delinquency in the school
|
4
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
80
|
20
|
0
|
0
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
7
|
Counselor normally assist an
individual to discover his talent and right choice of his career
|
4
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
80
|
20
|
0
|
0
|
Strongly disagreed
|
|
8
|
Guidance and counseling is faced
with many problems which hinders it progress e.g. lack of funds, trained
personnel etc
|
4
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
80
|
20
|
0
|
0
|
Strongly agreed
|
|
9
|
It is offend said that guidance and
counseling serve as a tool for national development
|
3
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
60
|
40
|
0
|
0
|
Strongly agreed
|
|
10
|
The state ministry of education does
not support guidance and counseling programmes in secondary school.
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
20
|
60
|
20
|
0
|
agreed
|
1.3
DISCUSS ON PRINCIPALS RESPONSES
The principal’s
responses to item 1 in table 111 above showed that 5 principals (100%) strongly
agreed that there is the need for guidance and counseling in schools.
Principals responses to
item 2 above in table 111 indicated that principal (80%) strongly agreed that
ministry of education does not supply them with enough guidance and counseling
masters while they suppose to.
The principals
responses to item3 in table 111 above sowed that 3 (60%) strongly disagredd
that in case where there is no support from the ministry in terms of funds,
facilities the principals normally gives such support.
The responses to item 4
in table 111 above revealed 5 (100%) of the principals strongly disagreed with
the statement that “There is no need of guidance and counseling in your
schools.
In item 5 table 111,
above indicate that 2 principal (40%) strongly disagreed that there is
sufficiently trained guidance and counseling personnel in your schools.
The principals
responses to items 6 revealed that Counselor can help reduces student
delinquency among students in schools. The number of principals who strongly
agreed were4 representing (80%).
The responses to item 7
table 111, indicate that 4 (80 %) of the principals strongly agreed that
Counselor normally assist an individual to discover his talent and right choice
of his career.
The responses to item 8
table 111, above showed that 4 (80 %) of the principals strongly agreed that
Guidance and counseling is faced with many problems which hinders it progress
e.g. lack of funds, trained personnel just to mention a few.
Responses to item 9 table 111, revealed that 3
(60 %) strongly agreed that guidance and counseling serve as a tool for
national development.
Responses to item 10 table 111, indicate that 3
(60 %) of the principals agreed that the state ministry of education does not
support guidance and counseling programmes in secondary school.