Common Name: SPEAR GRASS
Botanical Name: Heteropogon contorous
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: They grow on
poor soil as well as soil with high acidity.
Description of Characteristics:
i.
They are cool
seasoned tufted perennial grasses
ii.
The foliage grows
from 10 -20cm high.
iii.
Most species
flowers in spring.
Common Name: Day flower
Botanical Name: Commelina communis
Family: Commelinaceae
Habitat: It strives in
edges of garden and yards, fence row; vacant lots and waste areas.
Description of Characteristics:
i.
It is about 1-3m
long
ii.
It can be erect
or spraw across the ground like vine .
iii.
The round stems
are smooth and hairless.
iv.
Their margins are
smooth and veins runs parallel to each other .
v.
Upper edge of the
sheath is usually hairless.
vi.
Each flower
blooms during the morning for a single day.
Common Name: Elephant grass
Botanical Name: Pennistrum purpureum
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: It is found on
wide range of soils.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a tall
grass.
ii.
It grows in dense
clumps of up to 10 feet tall.
iii.
In the savannah
of Africa, it grows along lake beds and rivers where the soil is rich.
iv.
They are
yellowish or purple in colour .
v.
The stems are coarse
and hairy
vi.
The leaves are
2-3 feet long
vii.
The edges of the
leaves are razor sharp.
Common Name: Turbina
Botanical Name: Turbina corymbosa
Family: Convolvulaceae
Habitat: It grows along
rainforest margins and water ways
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a
scrambling vine growing to at least 8 meters in height.
ii.
Its leaves are
heart shaped.
iii.
It produces many
branched flowers.
Common Name: Fire weed
Botanical Name: Chamerion angustitolium
Family: Onagraceae
Habitat: It is found on
wet cancerous to slightly acidic soil in
open field.
Descriptive of Chrematistics:
i.
The reddish stems
of this weed are usually simple .
ii.
The leaves are
entire and pinnately veined.
iii.
The radically
symmetrical flower has four magneta to pink petals.
Common Name: Wild snake gourd
Botanical Name: Trichosanthes cveumerina
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Habitat: Wet region.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a green
vegetable with broad leaf
ii.
It is sometimes
taken as vegetable or for medical purposes
Common Name: Gamba Grass
Botanical Name: Andropogon gayaanus
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: It grows on
lowland areas in region with tropical and
warmer sub tropical climates.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a large,
long-live grass reaching up to 4cm in height
ii.
Its stems are
robust and are quite hairy.
iii.
Its seed (7-9cam
long) are hairy and have a large, bent and twisted awn.
Common Name: Bahama Grass
Botanical Name: Cynodon dactylon
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: It strives in
warm climate
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a perennial
evergreen grass.
ii.
It is grating at
the rate of 0.3m by 0.5m at a medium rate.
iii.
Its blades are
grey-green colour.
iv.
Its blades are
short.
Common Name: Balrush
Botanical Name: Scipsus tuberasus
Family: Cyperaceae
Habitat: It lives in
humid habitat.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a long
flower grass between 4-6cm
ii.
Its flowering
period is between March- October.
Common Name: Swinecrees
Botanical Name: Coronopus didymus
Family: Brassicaceae
Habitat: commonly seen
in garden and road sides.
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i.
It grows all year
round.
ii.
It has broad leaf.
Common Name: False Daisy
Botanical Name: Eclipla alba
Family: Asteraceae
Habitat: Gardens and
Roadsides
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It has a broad
leaf.
ii.
It is a long
grass with white flower.
Common Name: Garden sponge
Botanical Name: Euphorbia hirta
Family: Eurphorbiaceae
Habitat: It grows in
both wet and dry climates.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a deep
rooted weed.
ii.
It has small leaf.
iii.
It is a weed with
flowers.
Common Name: Spear Grass
Botanical Name: Imperata cylinderica
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: Poor soil as
well as soil with high acidity.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
They are cool
seasoned tufted perennial grasses.
ii.
Most species
flower in springs or dry season.
Common Name: Giant Star Grass
Botanical Name: Cynodon plectostachyles
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: Grows in both
good soil and acidic soil.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a perennial
grass without rhizomes .
ii.
There is absence
of seed.
Common Name: Neetle leaf goosefoot
Botanical Name: Chenopodium murale
Family: Amaranthaceae
Habitat: Fields and
Roadsides.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is an annual
weed of up to 70cm in height.
ii.
the oval to
triangular leaves are toothed and broad .
iii.
The inflorescence
are powdery clusters of spherical buds.
Common Name: Rhodes Grass
Botanical Name: Chloris gayama
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: It strives in
normal soil.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is 1-2m tall
ii.
It spreads by
root runners
iii.
It is a poor
water logging tolerant weed
iv.
it requires high
fertility to survive
Common Name: Winter Wild Oat
Botanical Name: Avena serillis spp
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: Dry and wet
soils.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
it is a long weed
of about 7cm long .
ii.
It is an erect
perennial grass.
Common Name: Croton
Botanical Name: Cordiaeum variegatum
Family: Eurphorbiaceae
Habitat: Moonsoon
forest, Hills and Rainforest
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i.
It is evergreen
leaves .
ii.
It is a small
scrubs up to 12m tall.
Common Name: Sickle pod
Botanical Name: Senna obtusifolia
Family: Leguminosae
Habitat: Agricultural
field, roadsides and waste sites.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
The compound leaf
are arranged spirally.
ii.
It is a herb that
grows up to 5 feet tall.
iii.
It is spreading
with numerous ascending, hairless branches.
Common Name: Leaf flower
Botanical Name: Phyllanthus mirabilis
Family: Phyllantheae
Habitat: Commonly found
on roadsides.
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i.
It is a short
grown herb.
ii.
It has short leaves.
Common Name: Horse Purslane
Botanical Name: Trianthema protulacastrum
Family: Alzoaceae
Habitat: Cultivated
areas.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is green to
red in colour
ii.
It is hairless
except for small lines of hairs nears the leaves.
iii.
Solidarity flower
occur in leaf axile
Common Name: Wire Grass
Botanical Name: Eleusine indica
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: Fields, lawns
and along the roads.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is evergreen
in colour
ii.
It has a short
growth
iii.
It grows all year
round
Common Name: Day Flower
Botanical Name: Commelina lukei
Family: Commelinaceae
Habitat: Gardens and
yards.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
The round stems
are smooth and hairless.
ii.
It can be erect
or spraw across the ground like vine.
iii.
Upper edge of the
sheath is usually hairless.
iv.
Their margins are
smooth and veins runs parallel to each other.
Common Name: Para Grass
Botanical Name: Brachiara mutica
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: Acidic and
normal soil.
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i.
It is a perennial
grass.
ii.
It can grow up to
1m or taller.
iii.
It has horizontal
stems called stolons.
iv.
Its inflorescence
grows on a primary axis.
Common Name: Small Flower Weed
Botanical Name: Cyperus differus
Family: Cyperacae
Habitat: Garden and
lawns.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
it is a long
plant of about 5cm long.
ii.
It has a tufted
grass.
Common Name: Ground burnot
Botanical Name: Tribillus lerresteris
Family: Zygophllaceae
Habitat: Lawns
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a biennial
herb.
ii.
It has small
leaves that cluster in the stem.
iii.
It is always
evergreen.
iv.
It is a weed of
up to 3cm length.
Common Name: Guinea Grass
Botanical Name: Panicum maximum
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: Both acidic and
normal soil.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a tufted
perennial grass
ii.
It is usually in
large bunches
iii.
It has a large
flat green leaves
Common Name: Spiny Amaranth
Botanical Name: Amaranthus spinosus
Family: Amarantacene
Habitat: It is commonly
found in field.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a
herbaceous weed with broad leaves
ii.
It grows
annually.
iii.
Its colour is
from green to red.
Common Name: Fire plant
Botanical Name: Euphorbia heterophylla
Family: Euphorbiceae
Habitat: Fertile soil.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a hardy
specie growing between 30-70cm in height.
ii.
Its false flowers
are located in clusters.
iii.
They have no
petals.
iv.
It is resistant
to herbicide.
Common Name: London Rocket
Botanical Name: Sisymbrium irio
Family: Brassicaceae
Habitat: Acidic and
normal soil.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a green
weed of about 5cm long.
ii.
It has medium
sized leaf.
Common Name: Snap Weed
Botanical Name: Mimosa pudica
Family: Fabaceae
Habitat: Acidic and
normal soil.
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i.
It shrinks upon
touch.
ii.
It is always
evergreen.
iii.
Its branches
spread quickly on the ground.
iv.
It flowers
sometimes.
v.
The leaves are bipinnately
compound.
vi.
The stem is erect
in young plant but becomes creeping with age.
Common Name: Water Grass
Botanical Name: Commelina diffusa
Family: Commelinaceae
Habitat: It grows on
shallow water.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
Its leaves can be
underwater to 3 feet
ii.
It is a perennial
grass
iii.
It forms dense
colonies in shallow water
Common Name: Saw Grass
Botanical Name: Cladium jamaicensa
Family: Cyperaceae
Habitat: It is mostly
found in wet areas
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It is a tall
grass
ii.
It grows only on
wet region
Common Name: Arrow Head
Botanical Name: Sagittaria sagittifolia
Family: Alisamataceae
Habitat: They live in
water
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
They are hard and
tender
ii.
The leaves are
shaped like an arrow head
Common Name: Water Shield
Botanical Name: Brasenia Schreberi
Family: Cabombaceae
Habitat: It
survives in clear, acid water in depths up to 5 feet.
Descriptive
of Characteristics:
i.
It has small
flowers sometimes.
ii.
Its leaves are
green
iii.
It is a perennial
plant with small floating oval leaves
iv.
ducks consumed
its leaves
v.
Its roots are
consumed
Common Name: Water fern
Botanical Name: Azola filiculoideslam
Family: Azollaceae
Habitat: It lives in
still and slow flowing water.
Descriptive Characteristics:
i.
It is a small
free floating fresh water fern
ii.
It is green to
reddish brown in colour
iii.
It branches
freely and breaks into small sections as it grows
Common Name: Alligator Weed
Botanical Name: Alternathera philoxeroids
Family: Amaranthaceae
Habitat: It can grow on
damp soil or on water
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i.
It has a simple
leaf that is elliptic.
ii.
It can reduce
water flow or quality by preventing light penetration.
iii.
It flowers during
the warm month.
Common Name: Water Pennywort
Botanical Name: Centella asiatica
Family: Umbelliferae
Habitat: Water.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
They flow on top
of water
ii.
They are usually
in clusters
iii.
They are
evergreen in colour
Common Name: Chara
Botanical Name: Chara globularis
Family: Characeae
Habitat: Inside or on
top of the water.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
It has
articulated stem
ii.
They flourish in
wet places.
iii.
It is a
flowerless plant.
iv.
It has whorled
branches.
Common Name: Common Reed
Botanical Name: Phragmites australis
Family: Poaceae
Habitat: Wet land.
Descriptive of Characteristics
i.
It is a tall
perennial grass that can grow over 15 feet in height.
ii.
Below grounds, it
forms a dense network of roots.
Common Name: Water lilies
Botanical Name: Nymphea alba
Family: Nympheaaceae
Habitat: They are mostly
found in water
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i.
They are aquatic
rhizomatous perennial herbs.
ii.
The leaves grow
from the rhizome on long petiole
iii.
Most of them
float on the surface of the water.
iv.
The blades can be
rounded or pointed.
v.
The flowers rise
out of the water or float on the surface.
Common Name: Cat Tails
Botanical Name: Typha latioflia
Family: Typhaceae
Habitat: Wet area or in
the water.
Descriptive of Characteristic
i. Its
leaves are alternate and mostly based on a simple,
jointless stem that bears the flowering spikes.
ii. The Planes are monocious, with unisexual flowers that develop in dense
racemens.
iii. The numerous male flowers from a narrow spike at
the top of the vertical stem.
Common Name: Water Lettuce
Botanical Name: Pistia stratiotes
Family: Araceae
Habitat: It lives in
water.
Descriptive of Characteristic
i. It is
a perennial monocotyledon with thick, soft leaves that form a rosette.
ii. It floats on the surface of the water.
iii. The leaves can be up to 14cm long and have no stem.
iv. They are light green with parallel veins.
v. The flowers are dioecious.
Common Name: Water Spinach
Botanical Name: Ipomoea aquatica
Family: Convolvulaceae
Habitat: It is found in
water.
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i. It is
grown as a leaf vegetable
ii. It
has shiny green leaves.
iii. Its
stems are 2-3 meters.
Common Name: Arrow Arum
Botanical Name: Peltandra virginica
Family: Araceae
Habitat: It lives in
both normal and acidic water
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i. It is aquatic plant with large thick leaves.
ii. Leave are shaped like an arrow head.
iii.
It grows in
shallow water.
iv.
It is perennial.
Common Name: Flat Sedge
Botanical Name: Cyperus microiria steud
Family: Cyperaceae
Habitat: Wet lands
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i. It is
cylindrical in length
ii. It is green in colour
iii. It has little spores on maturity
iv. It has a slim long shoot
Common Name: Egeria
Botanical Name: Egeria densa
Family: Hydrocharitaceae
Habitat: lakes, ponds,
streams.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i. They can be longer up to 20 feet
ii. They are usually rooted in the substrate
iii. The leaves and stems are bright green in colour
v.
The leaves are
usually about 2cm
Common Name: Asiatic Day Flower
Botanical Name: Commelina communis
Family: Commelinales
Habitat: Water
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i. It is
an annual herb with stems that are typically decumbent.
ii. The diffusely branched stems tend to root at the basal nodes.
iii. They may be glabrous basally.
iv. The leaves are sensile.
vi.
They lack leaf
stalk.
Common Name: Coontail
Botanical Name: Ceratophyllum echinatum
Family: Ceratophyllum
Habitat: Lakes,
riverine, lacustine.
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i.
Some of its
leaves float on water.
ii.
It has dry fruits.
iii.
The leaf blade is
linear.
iv.
Presence of
capillary leaf.
v.
leaf blade length
is 15-20mm.
Common Name: Mosguito Fern
Botanical Name: Azolla caroliniana
Family: Salviniaceae
Habitat: Water
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i. It
branches freely and breaks into smaller sections as it grows.
ii. It is green in colours .
iii. It is a small, free floating freshwater fern.
Common Name: Duck weed
Botanical Name: Lemna minor
Family: Araceae
Habitat: Wet area and on
water.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
They are decious.
ii.
They are among
the smallest of the flowering plant.
iii.
They are
free-floating aquatic perennials.
iv.
Duck always like
to eat it.
Common Name: Star rush
Botanical Name: Schoenoplectus mucronatus
Family: Araceae
Habitat: Wet land.
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i.
it is a tall
perennial grass.
ii.
There is absence
of leave.
iii.
it does not
flower.
iv.
it can be use as
a foliage.
Common Name: Club Rush
Botanical Name: Scripus atrovirens
Family: Cyperaceae
Habitat: It survives
only in water.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i. The
stamens and stigmas dangle outside the flower.
ii. The flowers are not showy.
iii. It is
a tall grass about 3cm length with a pink flower
on top of it.
Common Name: Water Soldiers
Botanical Name: Stratiotes aloides
Family: Hydrocharitaceae
Habitat: Ponds and
Ditches.
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i.
A native floating
plant.
ii.
It looks like a
pine apple head.
Common Name: Wild sun Flower
Botanical Name: Aspilia Africana
Family: Asteraceae
Habitat: Found on both
fertile and acidic soil.
Descriptive of Characteristics:
i.
it has a yellow
flower
ii.
It has a pleasant
smeel
iii.
It is used in
feeding hares
Common Name: Water Leaf
Botanical Name: Talinum triangulare
Family: Talinaceae
Habitat: Wet Land.
Descriptive of Characteristic:
i.
An erect fleshy-
leafed herb of open ground
ii.
It flowers on
maturity
iii.
It is ever green
in colour
iv.
It has a length
of about 2-3cm on height at maturity