Scientific classification
Kingdom - Animalia
Phylum - Chordata
Class - Mammalia
Order - Carnivora
Family - Canidae
Genus - Canis
Species - C.Lupus
Subspecies- C.I. famillaris
DOG
TERMINOLOGY
Dog - Male of all canine specie
Bitch - Female
of the canine spp.
PUPS
or Puppies - Young offspring of canine spp.
Litter - A group of offspring of Bitch
Sire - The further of a litter
DAM - The mother of the litter
Whelping - The process of birth or delivering.
DOG MANAGEMENT/TRAINING DOG MANAGEMENT
Dog
is a pet animal, it needs a special caring. Attention, should BE draw when foreign behaviour or
abnormality is witnessed for quick treatment.
They feeding routine must be
maintain for fast growth and development and to develop immune system. The
puppies are fed 2 times per day while the adult is once per day. They
behaviours should be note when the are free, any malfunction, you treat the dog
against these disease outbreak BASE ON DIAGNOSIS.
Vaccination is annually and
deworming is Regularly.
DOGS
included in human activities in terms of helping out human, are usually called
working dog, dogs or several breeds are
considered as working dogs.
Some
working dogs include(rottweiller, Bullmastiff, Alsatian e.t.c).
Dogs
has been a man friend from the on set of the early men. They helps men in hunting, protection, survey, security, etc.
Dog training: these involves teaching your dogs something that can
be served as working on basic commends or some things more difficult like
navigating an agility course.
The following are some of training
given.
- Basic
command like, sit down, come here, stop they, come, go, keep quiet, stop jumping
etc.
DOG DISEASE AND MANAGEMENT
DISEASE: This is an out
break or sudden change in normal
body function OF AN ANIMAL, which can be cause by virus, bacteria, protozoa,
fungi, malnutrition e.t.c.
A. RABBIES
Causal
organism - virus
Mode
of transmission - dog bite
Controls - vaccination
Annually
But
if bite by a carrier dog.
Preventive
measures
- Wash effected place with water.
- Human vaccination of ATS for 5 dosage.
2. cryptosporidium
infection caused by parasite
Cryptosporidium parvum
Signs
Severe
gastro intestinal System including watery diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps,
nausea, & vomiting.
Control measures
- After contact with animal feaces,
wash your hands with soap.
Administer
a strong
Antibiotics
to the dogs either orally or otherwise.
3. CANINE
PARVOVIRUS: It’s a fatal gastrointestinal infection that affect puppies, causal
organism – virus, transmission mode – feaces material.
SIGNS
Intestinal forms: Are severe vomiting and dysentery
Cardiac forms: Causes
respiratory or cardiovascular failure in young puppies.
Treatment
Vaccination,
N/B mortality can reach 91% in untreated cease.
4. MANGE:
These is a skin infection caused by parasitic mites
TYPES:
- Sarcoptic
Mange
- Demodectic
mange
Treatment
- Scrapping
the affected place with small hand saw to create a wound small wound or
opening.
- Application
of Benzyl benzonate syrup on the affected area.
- Injection
of ivermectine.
5. Ticks:
These are small arachnid in the other ixodida alongside with mite. They
are parasitic organism that sucks blood from the host which will give rise to
many tick borne diseases like lyme disease, etc.
Prevention/Control
- keep
the dog cage neat
- Disinfect
the dog cage regularly
- wash
the dogs regularly with soap and shampoo.
Controls
- Topical
application of ticks powder regularly e.g. kezi vet powder, petraz oil, pour
on, methylcol, diazenol.
BREED OF DOGS
1. Rottweiller
2. Bull mastiff
3. Alsatian
4. Cocetian
DOG BREEDING /MATING.
When
you noticed sign of heat period on the Bitch, you will monitor it and count
form the 1st heat to the 7th heat, you cross the birth
with a well matured male dog.
The crossing Last for a week, after
the 1st cross give gap for 2 days and repeat THE crossing, after
give space for 3 day and cross again.
After the crossing the feeding
should be improve and be of high
delicacy to help support the growth or the puppies in the uterus.
The gestation period last for 2
months and 2 weeks i.e 63 days.
The female dog i.e bitch must show
signs of heat for the copulation to work heat period can be determined by blood
or viscous discharge from the vulva and reddish, swollen of the vulva i.e
visible appearance of the vulvular swelling.
A selected male dog specie that is
desired is used for the crossing. The male Dog to be used for the crossing
should be healthy and free from any infection or diseases so to say, like wise
the bitch should be on a healthy state so that effective fertilization,
gestation period and whelping will occur for effective survival of the puppies
after whelping and when growing up.
Classification and Standards
Dog
breeding are base on;
1. Coat
2. Colour
3. Health concerns
4. Litter size
5. Maximum height
6. Maximum weight
7. Maximum life span
8. Temperament, origin etc
Examples;
1. Rottweiller vs bull mastiff
2. Alsatian vs cocatian
3. Boxer vs bull terrier
4. Boxer vs bull dog
5. Boxer vs Doberman
WEANING of puppies
Puppies
are wean after 4 weeks of old depending
on needs.
That is been done by separating the
puppies form the bitch.
HANDLING PUPPIES
The puppies are been properly
attention and care for because exposure to foreign bodies or diseases or stress
may lead to the death.
When they are been carried, a proper
measure has to be applied to avoid injury, stress. Avoid stress, because at
that stage is a critical stage to the puppies.
They are been vaccinated regularly
to boost their immune system and also dewormed.
PREGNANCY DETERMINATION
When the crossing (mating) of the bitch is completed
between 2-3 weeks, they will be an increase in weight, size of abdomen,
enlargement of breast , change in feeding.
When palpated on the abdomen, you
will feel the development of the young one in the uterus with your thumbs and
forefingers.
Attention is also needed, if they is
any malfunction, you treat base on diagnosis.
DAILY ROUTINE ACTIVITIES ON DOGS.
1. Provision of feed/water
2. Proper examination of the dogs
3. Cleaning of the dog cage
4. record keeping of the
treatments/vaccinations.
x. Administration of drugs (if any need
arises)
EAR CROPPING IN DOGS
These
is the surgical removal of a portion of a dogs ear to make it stand erect. It’s
a cosmetic surgery done on some breeds of dogs like cocatian breed. Its done
within 1-2 weeks of age.
STEPS
1. Wash the ear with disinfectant water.
2. Injection of local anaesthesia on the
ear pinne and massage and allow for some in minutes.
3. Use forcep to hold the ear pinne base
on the length you wants to cut.
4. Use chromic cat Cut to make a knot and
cut after the KNOT to control bleeding and fast healing.
5. Application of iodine, potassium per
magnate solution on the ear. (i.e wound
dressing)
6. Injection of antibiotic.
TAIL DOCKING IN DOGS
These
is the surgical removal of a portion of a dogs tails to make it stand erect. It
is a cosmetic surgery done in dogs BREEDS especially rottweiller, bull mastiff etc
it is done within 2-4 weeks of age.
STEPS
1. Wash the Tail with disinfectant water
2. Sheave the tail region, you want to
cut.
3. Administer
local Anaesthesia within the regions to cut and massage and leave for some
minutes.
4. Put
rubber band at the edge of the tail, to control bleeding.
5. Making
an incision an the tail (i.e a v. cut)
6. Using
chromic catcut to stitch knot the tail coccygeal vertebrate.
7. Proper
cutting of the tail
8. Stitching
the skin with chromic catcut.
9. Wound dressing
with potassium solution.
10. Injection
of antibiotics,
Fallow –up- ATT
DOG FEED
1. Dog
biscuits
2. Milk,
chickens
3. Soya
miLK
4. Okpa
5. Jolof
Rice
6. Mixture
of milk + Dog Biscuit ETC.