A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF AN ACCOUNTANT IN EBONYI STATE TRANSPORT CORPORATION ABAKALIKI

Abstract
The study is aimed at examining the role of an accountant in an organization using Ebonyi State Transport Corporation Abakaliki as a case study. A sample of one hundred (100) stuffs of Ebonyi State Transport Corporation Abakaliki were selected from the entire population of one hundred and twenty two (122) stuffs of Ebonyi State Transport Corporation Abakaliki including the management, using the stratified simple random sampling technique to carry out the study. Data were analyzed using statistical mean (x) and it was found out that although Ebonyi State Transport Corporation Abakaliki keeps accounting records but just a few of this records are kept by the accountant. It was concluded that management of Ebonyi State Transport Corporation Abakaliki enjoys a profit but this scantly records of account kept by its accountant has reduce its exploiting rate of productivity and profitability which has made the organization undergo a profit at a decreasing rate. It was then recommended that the management of Ebonyi State Transport Corporation should always value and appreciate the role of an accountant in an organization because an accountant add value to an organization they determine the survival, performance/operation growth and achievement of the organizational goal. Thus, accountants impact on a business/organizational effectiveness and efficiency.

A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF AN ACCOUNTANT IN EBONYI STATE TRANSPORT CORPORATION ABAKALIKI 

A RESEARCH PROJECT PRESENTED TO THE
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS EDUCATION, FACULTY OF EDUCATION
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TABLE OF CONTENT                      Page
Title …………………………………………………………………    i
Approval ……………………………………………………………    ii
Certification ………………………………………………………      iii
Dedication ………………………………………………………          iv
Acknowledgement ………………………………………………….   v
Table of Content ………………………………………………….      vi
List of Tables ……………………………………………………….    ix
Abstract ……………………………………………………………..   x
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION………………………………………………….     1
Background of the Study……………………………………………    1
Statement of the Study ………………………………………………   5
Purpose of the Study ………………………………………………..    8
Significant of the study …………………………………………….     9
Research Questions ……………………………………………….       10
Scope of the study ………………………………………………….     10
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ……………………….      11
Historical Overview of Accounting ……………………………….     12
Definition and Features of Accounting ………………………….        13
Roles of Accountant in an organization …………………………       16
The Extent an Accountant can assist management to achieve
effectiveness in the organization operational process ……………..  19
The extent an accountant assists management to achieve
organizational efficiency in the budgeting
 process …………………………………………………            …        23
The extent an accountant helps an organization to
 achieve organizational goal ………………………………………… 28
Ways of improving on the problems face by an accountant
in an organization ……………………………………………   …        33
Review of Empirical Study …………………………………………    35
Summary of Literature Review ……………………………………     37
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY ………………………        39
Design of the Study …………………………………………………    40
Area of the Study ……………………………………………………   41
Population of the Study ……………………………………………     41
Sample and sampling procedure …………………………………       41
Instrument for Data Collection ……………………………………… 42
Validation of the Instrument ………………………………………… 43
Reliability of the instrument ………………………………………… 43
Method of Data Collection …………………………………………    44
Method of Data Analysis ……………………………………………   44
CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION OF DATA AND
ANALYSIS ……….…………………………………………………    47
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS ………………      68
Implication of the Study ………………………………………………72
CHAPTER SIX
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION …         74
Restatement of the Problem …………………………………………74
Summary of the Procedure used ……………………………………   75
Summary of Principle Findings ……………………………………     76
Implication of the Findings ………………………………………….  77
Conclusion …………………………………………………………     78
Recommendation ……………………………………………………   79
References …………………………………………………………     80
Questionnaire ………………………………………………………    82
Appendix …………………………………………………………….   88

LIST OF TABLE                                         Page   
Table 1:         The Role of an Accountant in an Organization ………… 48
Table 2:         The Extent an Accountant assist the Management
 of an organization in achieving organizational
effectiveness in operation ………………………………   53
Table 3: The Extent an accountant assist the Management
of an organization in achieving organizational
efficiency in the budgeting process ……………………   56
Table 4:         The Extent an accountant helps an organization
achieve it goals …………………………………………   59
Table 5: ways of Improving on the problems of an
accountant to achieve effectiveness and efficiency …………  62

REFERENCES
Atom, O.P. (2008). Management accounting influence on business performance, Ile Ife: OAU publishing company.
Awa, F. N. (2004). Principles of accounting: A guide for beginners. Minna: Diamond publishers.
Ayoade, O.A. (2006). Accounting influence on business performance. Ile Ife: OAU publishing company.       
Brown, G. A. (2014). Key goals of accounting system, Ogui: Rhyce kerex publishers.
Chukwu, U.C. (2004). Financial accounting principles & practice, Abakaliki: New Concept publishers.
Chukwu, U.C. (2012). Management accounting: A guide for beginners, Abakaliki: New Concept publishing.
Eactmad, O.C. and Burgar A. G. (1975). Foundation accounting, Great Britain: ELBS/DP Publications.
Gill, M.O (2013). A shop of your own, London: Makon Stemart Books ltd.
Igben, R. O. (2009). Financial Accounting made simple, Mushin: ROI publishers.
Magie, C. (2012). The importance of good accounting records for small business, Enugu: Elkahna publishers.
Nwodu, L.C. (2006). Research in communication and other behavioral science “principles methods and issues”. Ogui: Rhyce kerex publishers.
Odo, E.C. (2002). Principles and practice of small business management in Nigeria, Nsukka: Fulludu publishing company.
Olua, J.R. (2006). Competencies needed by secondary school business education teachers in Afikpo North. A research project presented to the Department of Business Education, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki.
Kumar, V.N. (2013). Management accounting for small business survival, Lagos: Mufab publishers.
Susian, S. D. (2013). Roles of an accountant in the business operation, Nsukka: Fulludu publishing company.
Susian, S. D. (2014). An introduction to research methods in education and social sciences, Lagos: Sunshine International publications Nigeria Ltd.

QUESTIONNAIRE
Department of Business Education,
Enugu State University of Science and Technology,
P.M.B 000....,
Agbani Campus,
Agbani.
2nd November, 2015.

Dear Respondent,

REQUEST TO FILL QUESTIONNAIRE
            I am an under – graduate of the above named University and Department conducting a research on the topic “a Critical Analysis of the Role of an Accountant in Ebonyi State Transport Corporation”.
            I therefore, appeal for your kind response to the items in the Questionnaire in an honest and unbiased manner.
            I assure you that any information provided will be strictly confidential and will be used for academic purpose only.
            Thanks for your anticipated co – operation.
Yours faithfully
……………………...
Name Here

SECTION A
INSTRUCTION 1:
            Questions 1, and 2, consist of four response options namely
Responses options                                       Value
Strongly Agree (SA)            -                       4
Agreed (A)                                        -                       3
Disagree (D)                                      -                       2
Strongly Disagree                             -                       1
INSTRUCTION 2: Question 2, 3 and 4 consist of four responses options namely:
Responses options                                                   Value
Very Great Extent (VGE)                -                       4
Great Extent (GE)                            -                       3
Little Extent (LE)                             -                       2
Very Little Extent (VLE)                -                       1
            Kindly indicate by ticking (V) to the appropriate column to express your view about the statement.

1.         What are the Roles of an Accountant in an Organization?
S/N
ITEMS
SA
A
D
SD
1.
Preparation and presentation of timely and accurate financial reports to management.




2.
Identification of areas of inefficiency and wastage of resources.




3.
Treasuring function – raising financial, cash management




4.
Setting up effective system of internal and accounting controls.




5.
Preparation of feasibility reports




6.
Investigation of the performance/operations of competing business organization to assist management in policy formulation.




7.
Assisting the organization to avoid – rather than evade – tax by using his knowledge of the tax laws.





2.         To What Extent Does an Accountant Assist the Management of an Organization in Achieving Organizational Effectiveness in Operation?
S/N
ITEMS
VGE
GE
LE
VLE
9.
Financial Data Management




10.
Analysis and Advice




11.
Financial Report Preparation




12.
Compliance




13.
External Business Affiliations





3.         To What Extent Does an Accountant Assist the Management in Achieving Organizational Efficiency in the Budgeting Process?
S/N
ITEMS
VGE
GE
LE
VLE
14.
Planning the cost action that helps to foresee the future transaction




15.
Accountants provide information to management of an organization that assists them to arrange the financial obligations coming in the business process.




16.
Accountants provide information that helps the management of an organization to ascertain that the prepared budgets works in conjunction with long terms goals of the firms





4.         To What Extent does an Accountant Help an Organization to Achieve it’s Goal?
S/N
ITEMS
VGE
GE
LE
VLE
17.
Timeliness of Reports




18.
Cost – effective against waste




19.
Information provider for effective business plan




20.
Provision of reliable information for organizational survival 





5.         What are the Strategies to Improving Effectiveness and Efficiency of an Accountant?
S/N
ITEMS
SA
A
D
SD
21.
Non – management Interference and Opposition




22.
Effective and efficient in supply of information




23.
Training and retraining of accountant




24.
Allowing an accountant to handle/keep the financial statement record




25.
Provision of working facilities






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