EIA procedures ensure that the potential impacts of project are
identified assessed, managed and reduced
to acceptable level before consent is
given by the regulatory authority this process when integrated in any business identifies,
minimize the potential impact of
promoted development the importance
aspect of EIA STUDIES includes
- Risk assessment
- Enr
management
- Poor
product monitoring
EIA
is important because it addresses the direct and indirect impacts of the project
on
- Human being,
fauna and flora
- Soil, water,
air, climate to landscape
- Materials
assists and cultural heritage
Step
I took in EIA process were
Screening
Preliminary
assessment
Scoping
Collection
of baseline data
Impact
prediction
Mitigation
measures /EIA report
EIA report
Public
hearing
Decision
making
Monitoring
and implementation
Screening: this is done to decide whether an EIA is required and focus resources on
projects most likely to have significant impacts, those where impacts are
uncertain and those where EIA management
imput is likely to be required
Scoping:
this purpose of this key part of EIA process is to focus the EIA on the
environmental issues and possible
effects which need the most thorough attention
To
identify those issues which are unlikely to need detailed study, and to
provide a means to discuss method of
assessing effects and reach agreement on those most appropriate
Here all
interested parties are involved
Collection
of baseline data: this
aspect, the ena tharactors of the areas likely to be
affected were examined, relevant natural
and man made processes which may already
be changing the character of the where also identified
3.
impact prediction :possible interaction between
the proposed development and
both existing and future site conditions
were considered. The nature of
the possible effect eg
positive or negative , temp, or
permit were predicted and
accessed, as well possible cumulative and in combination effects.
Mitigation
measures
This
is a proposal for design and operational
modification or other measures to prevent, reduce, and where possible offset any significant adverse
effect on the environment
EIA
reports : this is where the actions
and steps for preventing, minimizing or
by passing the impacts or else the level
of compensation for probable EIV damage or loss
Described
the dripping comprising into on the
site, design and size of development
Measure
envisaged in order to avoid, reduce,
and if possible, remedy significant adverse effect mitigation measures
Data
reg 2
identify and assess the main
effects which the development is likely to have on the
eiv outline of the main alternatives
studied by applicant or appellat and an indication of the
main reasons for this choice taking into account the env.
Effec non technical summary of
the above into public hearing
: on
completion of EIZ report, public and
EAV groups living close to project site may be informed and consulted
Review :to assess the adequacy
of the EIA to
decision making and consider its
implications for project
implementation
Monitoring
: the various phase of the implementation of projects are monitored risk
assessment here the inventory analysis and hazard probability
and index are contained
The major source of water pollution
From
melbaime operation includes soil and
chemical discharge
Sewage
discharge
Garbage’s
water pollution
Transportation
of oil
Discharge
of waste /sewage
Tank
overflow
Tank leakage
Oil
/ chemical spill
In
ships, operation, oil and chemicals are deliberately or accidentally discharged
into our water wasy most of them which
come from refueling, boat maintenance and bilge discharge into our waterways most of them which refueling, boat maintenance and bilge discharge . oil and
chemical can be toxic to marine and human life .
Oil
and chemicals on board the ship product that are pollutants and will harm
the marine environment are
Petrol
oil spills occur through
- Gear box oil
- Motor oil
- Two stroke oil
- Diesel /fuel
- Hydraulic oil
- Cooling syste
additives
- Cleaning agents
- Degreasers
- Acide and paints
- Pipeline leakage
including transfer houses
- Cargo tank
- Bunker tank
overflow
- Hull leakage
Once these toxins enter our water way they have potential tor retard or prevent the
reproductive development of many arine
animals , which can have a flow on effect
through the whole ecosystem
Contaminated fish stocks and filter feeders such as
oysters and mussels can also pass on harmful chemicals to human if consumed
However
clean bilges help educe pollution , also
abosorbents can be used to mop up
excess oil or fuel, the bilges are also washed with biodegra dable degreases or
detergents and dispose of any
cleaning resides offshore
If oil does spill into water, use absorbents to
mop it up and let the original harbor master, marine manger or port authority know so
that it can be cleaned up as soon as possible . do not use dispersants
or cleaning chemicals because they can
increase the toxins effects of oil spills
How to handle oil and chemical
As
a HSE officer ,I participated actively in marine pollution control and I helped
to reduce oil and chemical entering our
water ways
The measures I took were
During
refueling
Inserted
the nozzles into the factor before the
pump were started
I
always turned off the pump and ensure that the flow of fuel has stopped before removing the nozzle .
I
always checked the fuel tank capacity
before they refueled
Watched
the breathers for signs of blow out
or overflow
- I ensure
the bilges were cleaned before discharging were made
- I always supervised the operation of bilge pump
to ensure that only water was being pumped into the water ways
- I revised the
installation of bilge pumps float switch
to stop oil accident ally discharging with
bilge water ways
- I cleaned waste
oil from bilge using absorbents and make
sure the degreases, detergents
or biode gradable produce used were not discharged into water ways
For
everyday check srubbing used cleanwater, any only chemicals for severe staining for any accidental spill on board, I cleaned
it up with absorbent or spray saw dust to anborb it on
various occasions, I conducted oil spill risk assessment
To
know the impact of our operation on the
marine environment
Marine pollution through garbage’s
In
the same way, same boat operators, deliberately
throw their garages into our water ways , most of it today is
made from non 0biodegrdable products
such as plastics which persist in marine
environment for many years
However
some marine animals and sea birds can
mistake plastic for food others become
entangled in garbage causing a
slow ad painful death
Ropes
and plastics materials can get caught
in proper lows and block water intakes
causing major damage or even lose of
income while a boat is out of service for
expensive repairs
G : this
simple means solid waste and a
waste can be defined as anything that is no longer in use
Types
of marine garbage’s that can pollute
marine environment are
- food waste
- Paper product
- Rages
- Glass
- Metals
- Bottles
- Plastics
- Deck sweepings
- Packaging
materials
- Wire residue
Paint
scraping as well as residence that entering
Water
through hall maintenance
activities such as
Scraping
Sanding
Pressure
washing and panting
Preventive measures
secure
bins or garaged bags were made
available for the storage of
garbage onboard until they to shore
reformed, which were disposed
into appropriate receptacle when conducting vessel maintenance that
generated sast dust scrapings paint
dups, debris and drips etc drop clothes were used of catch these by products.
Mechanical sanders /scrapers equipped
with vacuum bags were effective used
to removing pout in away
that prevents the spread of dust, debris
and residue into the marine environment
as well as air when the garbages or letters have
already been discharged into our are ways
a
floating letter trap and boom systems is used to trap it and help safely
in a collection basset for removal
this happens regardless of tide changes or water level. They have different types of bins for
storage of wastes in marine
marine
pollution through sewage discharge
sewage is the drainage and other wastes from
any form of roiler, drinal or any other waste water when mixed with such drainages incorporated with this description, the term
sewage includes human feacal wastes, sewage does not include gref
water. I wash water from showers
and sinks unless it is mixed with any of the above
however,
any discharge from vessel will be either the following categories
- Treated sewage
- Ungreated sewage
- Treated
swage : this has passed through on board system
and has three distaste
grades grade A, B and C
- C lowest level
- B higher level
A highest level
Macerated
sewage is an ulttreated sewage
Untreated (RAW SEWAGE): IT HAS NON passed
treatment system . this sewage that is
discharge directly into the water way
in areas where discharge is
permitted or contained in on board holding tank. Any unrelated sewage that is discharged, in ares where it is permitted, must first
pass through a macerctor
Since Melbourne
services limited spreates with
a declared ship ( A CLASS ONE
Commercially registered
carrying vessel fitted with a toilet
The
vessel have fitted sewage holding tank after storing disposed off on shore according to ship board sewage management plan
Worked
area covered
In
Melbourne services limited I worked with many department but specifically I worked with the it be department
Hse: health and environmental safety there I handled so many activities which
includes
Environmental
safety (Major)
EIA
: Environmental Impact assessment water pollution inspection /precaution
Through Oil
chemical spill response
Garbage
Discharge Inspectional Inspection
Waste
segregation/storage
Sewage
discharge response, prevention treatment
Housekeeping
practices with the full aim of creating a lively environment for our marine
lives.
Health
safety: Minor:
Fire
safety
First
aid practices/programme
AIM:
To protect the health of workers.
To
achieve main objectives of HSE safety standard and protection to health.
To
pursue the goal of harm to environment and to protect the environment.
OBJECTIVES:
Promoting
health
Protecting
the environment
Safe
guarding the property / equipments of
Promoting
harmonious relationship between the company and the community.
Water
covers more than 70% of the earth, water is one of the most precious natural resources of our
planet . the reason being that about 97% of total water is salty, and therefore not
portable, a futher 2% is locked
of it useful for consumption. Apart from clean drinking of it useful for consumption. Apart from
clean drinking water, we also need to
keep the water in the oceans rivers and lakes unpolluted because other wise ,
it harm the very planet we survive on.
However, with human pollution incrasing rapidly and industiralisation,
water resources all over the world are getting polluted, so much so, that
precious and unique organisms and
ecosystems are being harmed and
even going extinct at an alarming
rate
Water
pollution: this is an undesirable change in
the stat of water, contaminated
with harmful substances it is the
second most important environmental
issue next to air pollution. Any change
in the physical, chemical and biological properties of water that has harmful
all the major water bodies of the world such as
lakes , rivers, ocean and ground water
Sources
of water pollution
The
major source of water pollution include
-
Domestic
wastes (SEWAGES) Discharges
-
Industrial efflvent
-
Agricultural
waste
-
Oil
/ chemical spill
-
Marine
dumping (GARBAGE DISCHARG)etc
-
Point
source : discharged from a discrete ration
-
Non
point - non location
Effects
On
marine life
Deoxygenating
of water rand annihate flora and funa
in streams, lake, river
Enhance
the growth of bacteria in water and
increase the concentration
Affects
the whole ecosystem
Effects
on human animal
Animals
/ human consumes polluted floral fauna
in polluted water, which can cause diseases to
them it can also lead to cancer and diarrhea
General prevention of water population
- Treat
sewage before disposal
- Oil sucks shoved be skimmed off from the surface with
suction device
- Avoid dumping of
waste into the water bodies.
Ill effect of sewage polluted water . pathogens present in the water spread many
different diseases
The process of ecessive deposition of chemical
nutrients in water is termed
eutiophication . this is one of the problems
caused by sewage polluted H2o
Toxins released in
rivers through sewage water are
consumed by fish and other organisms, the
possibility of toxins entering
the food
It degrades
water quality
Redces the
number of fishes
Increases
biological oxyhgen demand (BOD)
Sewage treatment
means
Firstly primary treatement throu grinding mechanism and then
pasted through the setting
several chamber chambers and neutralized with lime, up to
this stage .
The sewage will still
certain a large number of
pathogenic and non pathogenic organisms and
also sefficeint organic
matter . the neutralized
effcueltts are sent to UASBC up flow
aneroboic sludge blanket). It is a
reactor in this, the anerohic bacteria
degrades the biodegradable materials
present in the waste l water. This
releagmouse foul odour and releases
methane, which can be used else wheare . in this system, the pollution load is reduced upto 85% ,
after this, water is sent to aeration
tank where it is mixed with air and bacteria
Fire
fighting
And the bacteria
digesis the organic waste materials this
is called biological or secondary
treatment . even after the treatment,
water is still until for drinking. The
harmful microorganisms needs to
be called
Tertiary
treatment
Finally, the disinfection process. To remove final
traces of organics, bacteria ,
dissolved inornaic solid etc for
tertiary treatment methods, such as chiorination, evaporation and
exchange abosorption be employed . these depends of the final reg
quality of the final treatment
Housekeeping hoursekeeping hygiene
This means
the orderly arrangement and toplacement
of equipment, too is and
matrials both raw and finished and wstes
Good house keeping improves the
hygienic condition of it
work and reduces potentials for
accident, fire essentials for all sites
Procedure
-
Darily
cleaning of work palces
-
Disgnation
of areas for water
matrials
-
Porper receipt
and storage of raw matrials in
desisnated areas
-
Clearing of floors
remove duties can
-
Imme
-
Storage
of fiammable matrials in safe place
separate from non flammable materials . also
applishable of some toxic and
corrosive matrials
-
Proper
disporsal fo raji a loose matrials
-
Proper
arrangement of tools, by removing
from and storing in a appropriate toxic box
-
Etasim
cables on flexible power supply and
hand tools should be collected approximately
-
Materials
should be stacked to block
emergency exists or fire
fighting equipping