This
chapter deals with various literature materials that are related to the topic
of study.
The
review is done under the following sub-headings
·
Concept of instructional materials.
·
Various types of instructional
materials.
·
Importance of Social Studies Teaching
Resource
·
Sources of Social Studies Teaching
Resources
·
Effective utilization of teaching
resource.
·
Factors considered in selecting of
teaching resource for social studies.
·
Problems associated with social studies
teaching resources.
·
Summary of review of related literature.
Concept of instructional material
Various
authorities in education circles have identified various definitions. Adeyemo (1998)
saw teaching resources as visual aids or objects which help the teacher to make
lesson explicit to the children. He rather stated that instructional materials
help to transmit information, ideals and notes to students in such a fashion
that will modify their aptitude, habits and practices. According to him, these
visual aids facilitate learning though he warned that instructional materials
are only supplements, rather than substitutes for a lesson. By the above
definition, it is clear that instructional materials are non-verbal materials
(NVM) which are pictures, diagrams, graphs, and tables etc that accompany a
text but are themselves not textual. These materials are used as non-verbal
materials (NVM). The term ‘Non-verbal’ in the above quotation implies that the
materials are symbols not words. Obviously, symbols appeal to the sense of
sight while words appeal to the sense of hearing. So in the opinion of Nuttal
(1990) teaching Resource give information to students without necessarily using
words or with the use of few words as possible.
Adeyemo
(1998) stated that teaching resources in school denote educational materials
that teaching corporate into the teaching process to help the learner benefit
effectively from the learning experiences. It further emphasized that they are
materials that can aid learning by stimulating the learner to learn. Moreover,
instructional materials are described as anything which may be object of study
of stimulus for the students which include books, periodicals, pictures,
charts, newspapers, magazines etc