3.0
Introduction
This chapter
handles how data will be collected for this study. It deals with the
description of procedure that will be adopted in carrying out the study.
3.1 Research Design
The research
design embodies the blue prints for the collection, the measurement and
analysis of data related to the research question. Thus, the methodology that
will be use for the
collection of data is mainly survey design. The reason for
using survey design is because it deals with survey design. The reason for
using survey design is because it deals with human behaviour that is not
subject to laboratory experimentation but rather open to observation.
3.2 Area
of the study
This study will
be carried out in Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic Afikpo, Ebonyi State and
Institute of Management and Technology, Enugu, Enugu State.
3.3 Population of the Study
The target
population to be sampled in this research study consists of all the
management/senior staff and junior staff of the two institutions.
Table 3.3.1
INSTITUTION |
MGT/SENIOR
STAFF
|
JUNIOR
|
TOTAL
|
Akanu
Ibiam Polytechnic Afikpo
|
30
|
142
|
172
|
Institute
of Management and Technology, Enugu
|
25
|
120
|
145
|
Total |
55
|
265
|
317
|
Source:
(i) Personal unit, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Afikpo (ii) Personal unit,
Institute of Management and Technology, Enugu.
3.4 Sample
Procedure
This deals with
how to make an optimal representation of the population. Stratified sampling
technique will be adopted for this study. This is because it will give a fair
representation of the selected institutions.
3.5
Sample
Size Determination
For the purpose
of this study the actual population is three hundred and seventeen (317) staff.
Where:
N = N
1+N(e)2
n =
Sample Size
N =
Actual Population(317)
e =
Level of significant (or limit of tolerable error 0.05 or 5%)
i =
Constant
Substituting,
we have
N =
317
1+317 (0.5)2
= 317
1+0.75
= 317
1.75 = 181.1
n
= 181
Hence, 181 represent the sample size of
the population. The sample size for each stratum of category of staff to be
sampled is estimated using bowley’s proportional allocation statistical
techniques.
nh
= nNh
N
Where:
nh = the number of unit allocated to each stratum/category
of staff
Nh = the
number of staff in each category
n =
the total sample size
N =
the actual or total population
Institution
A:
Akanu
Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Afikpo
Proportion
of management/senior staff to be sampled
Nh
= 181 x 30 = 5430 = 17
317
317
Number
of junior staff to be sampled
nh
= 181 x 142 = 25702 = 81
317
317
Institution B
Institute
of Management and Technology Enugu
Number
of junior staff to be sampled
nh
= 181 x 25 = 4225 =14
317 317
Number
of junior staff to be sampled
nh
= 181 x 120 = 21720
= 69
317 317
n
= 17 + 81 + 14 + 69 = 181
3.6
Source Of Data
Two
sets of data will be utilized for the study:
primary and secondary data
3.6.1 Primary Sources of Data
The primary data for the research study will be
collected through the use of questionnaire administered to the necessary
personnel in the institutions and also through personal interviews
3.6.2 Secondary
Sources of Data
The secondary data for this study shall be obtained
from published sources. These include relevant textbooks, journals and
materials from the Internet.
3.7
Instrument
for the Data Collection
Questionnaire would be the main
instrument for data collection for the research. Two sets of questionnaire will
be presented to the respondents. To avoid error and bias–free data, the
questionnaire will be carefully developed. A set will be directed at the
senior/ management staff and other directed to the junior staff. Each of the questionnaire would be devised
into two sections (A, B). Section A consist of bio-data of the respondents
while section B will comprise of a number of questions and statement to which
respondents would be grading on each statement of question on four point
scales.
3.8
Validity of the Research Instrument
The researcher was convinced that the research
instrument has face validity after pre-testing the questionnaire for the study
and the responses on the questionnaire
showed that is measured and provided answers to achieve the purpose of the
research study.
3.9
Reliability
of the research instrument
The researcher observed from the pre-tested questionnaire the most of the responses on the questionnaire
were consistently showing the
reliability of the research instrument.
3.10 Method of data
analysis
The responses to the
questionnaire will first be analyzed using simple percentage. However,
this study sets out to establish the relationship between organizational
culture and organizational performance.
Accordingly, correlation is used as a statistical tool to determine the
nature or strength of relations between the two variables. For this reason, in
testing the hypotheses that have been formulated correlation co-efficient will
be adopted. Furthermore, in order to measure the significant of the stated
hypotheses t-test distribution will be employed.