IMPORTANT QUESTIONS TO REVIEW
1.
Does
growth company CEOs and venture
capitalist hold at least a quarter of the seats
on the three largest bank?
2.
Does
the local economic development
department spend more time helping local companies grow than it does
chasing after branch facilities of out-of –state corporations? Does
the governor of your state meet
regular with entrepreneurs to seek their views?
Can you quickly think of 5
recent spin-offs –growth companies started by entrepreneurs who have left
larger companies?
3.
With
each ‘yes’ answer
scoring 10 points, a total score of 70
points or higher produces a
‘passing’ grade according to
the authors of the test. If you are interested in learning more on the
topics in this paper, an extended version of this brief is
available online at OUR ACHIEVES
Success stories
To read about
success stories in rural America, please visit RUPRI: innovative approaches to
entrepreneurial development (a publication)
Nature vs nurture: how do entrepreneurship
theories help to explain the motivation and actions of entrepreneurs?
Introduction
Everyday, when
we look around, we see different people who have different colour of their
eyes, hair, and skin. We even give
each other nicknames such as “red
–haired mary” or “skinny billy”. We know that we get our genetic make up from our parents and there is little we can
do to change it, without resorting to modern technology . do we get our unique personality from our
parents as well or do l we develop our personality traits through endless life
experience? The nature vs nurture debate
is not only an academic or medical interest but also of interest form an
entrepreneurial prospect vs why are some people successful entrepreneurs while
others are not, are they born with success blood, and as long as they follow their natural instinct
everything will work out for them? Or is
it a lot of hard work, with risk being
taken, based on past experience
after being carefully weighed up
The group looked
at the nature versus nurture debate and how these theories can explain
entrepreneurial success. Our research focused on five different area, economic,
psychology, sociology, management, and entrepreneurship and then turned to entrepreneurs from our immediate environment
to verify our theories.
Economic theory
“An economic
agent” is one “who perceives market opportunities and assembles
the factors of production to exploit them”
entrepreneurs by nature see
opportunities in the market or environment and source the means, financial and otherwise
to realize the product
or service that will fill the “gap” in
the market. They tend
to have a willingness to take risks and a vision that enable them
to continue when others may not share
their vision or ambition.
Nurture enables
the entrepreneurs to become aware of his
or her strengths and weaknesses and to exploit any opportunities
they may encounter. When forming a business, team this allows them to make informed
decisions that build and complement
each others strengths and weaknesses.
Liavan millin on
entrepreneurs
I think you have
to have imitative and be solution and goal focused. You have to be inquisitive with a desire to learn. About all
you have to be a good communicator!”
Morrissey M irish entrepreneur business and life, blazing strength ,
volume 3
issue 6 page 29
there are country and city
enterprise boards throughout irealand that are willing to nurture budding entrepreneurs’
and give them the e support they need to make a success of their product or
service the following is form the
assistant CEO of Dubin city enterprise board. Elbhlin
curley
“the country and
city enterprise boards offer a range of supports to new and existing small businesses. The
supports vary from providing an initial first stop shop service for
information, advice, training and
mentoring to financial supports are
designed to assist new and existing entrepreneurs at each stage of
business development”.
Psychology
I don’t think
people are born entrepreneurs, I think
that they are taught to be entrepreneurs. You are born with a set of
skills and courses teach you how to use them”
Mr Morgan o flaherty supreme ceramics and
pottery studies, entrepreneur on the year munster region, interview on 03
11-051 there are two different schools
of thought, people are born with their own
unique personality or their personality develops there are two different schools of
thought, people are born with their own
unique personality or their personality develops throughout their life.
The following is
an except from a talk between Winifred
Gallagher, science writer and David Gergen editor with US news and world report
Winifred Ballagher:
get a second nature, so that rather than
nature and nurture beig oil and
water, they’re like the four and water that make bread and once, once you
have bread , you cant pull apart the flour and the water anymore. Mr Gergen so that , in effect you’re born,
genetically born with a certain temperament
Mr Gergen but you experience is
your early years in your childhood, then makes modifies that temperament it can
change that temperament
Winifred
Gallagher not just psychologically in some sort of airy fairy way but in
vary real physiological structural
way ill give you an example we can’t do
these kinds of experiments with children for obvious reason, but if
scientists breed very, very highly aggressive or highly
anxious monkeys, and give that infant to a very relaxed, competent, experienced
mother to raise, that infant will grow
up to resemble, not just behaviorally
but also neurochemically, an infant who was born with the normal levies
of those two traits. Now , that a very
profound finding . this isn’t just like
some sort of slick gloss on a basic
trait. This is a profound change in that trait that’s due to expericne”.
Gallagher W. and
Gergen D., Nature Vs Nurture, {Online} {Accessed
02/11/05,13:05}
Some
psychologists believe that personalities are determined by certain genetics the
biochemistry of our brains. Their evidence states that in working situation,
“because the measures of job satisfaction are fairly stable over time and
across different jobs a predisposition to be content with or frustrated at work
my have genetic component. In this perspective, your personality is fixed at
birth and life’s experiences do little or nothing to alter it”. However”, “jobs
satisfaction can influenced by changing job design and other factors such as
supervisory style.
Huczynski A. and
Buchanan D., Organizational Behaviour, prentice Hall, 2001, page 144
On the other
hand, some psychologists argue that our human personal traits are shaped by
environmental, cultural and social factors. It is the environment that we are
living in that decides the way and how we think and behave under certain
situation. Our feelings and behavior patterns are learned from our life
experience.
“We learn new
behavior through observing and imitating others.”
Every society
has distinctive social standard and norm many also have a unique way of doing
things in daily life, it is impossible to be born with this local knowledge.
From this point of view, “ your personality is flexible, it can be changed with
experience. It may be that psychological well being depends on such
adaptability.”
Words such as
ambitious, adventurous and creative are often associated with successful
entrepreneurs. Are these people born to succeed? Or do they succeed because of
constant adoptions and improvements in their learning? In this area, the
Nurture theory makes more sense.
In this case
entrepreneurs are same everybody else when they come into the world, however,
they constantly pay attention, develop and improve their skills thought their
life experience. Nobody is born to be a winner even the most talent people need
to be inspired and stimulated all the time, when there is an opportunity, the
entrepreneur stands out in contrast.
At this point
it’s worth pointing out that entrepreneurs do experience fear that their
business or idea might not be the winner that they believe it to be. When Mr
Morgan O’flaherty was asked if he thinks about failure, he said, “ I did I put
it aside…you can’t go around worrying about what will go wrong….you deal with
things as they come along and focus the positive.” Mr Morgan O’Flaherty, Supreme Ceramics and Pottery Studio, Entrepreneur on the
Year Munster region, {Interview on 03 Now 2005}.
Sociological perspective
Sociological
perspective can be broadly looked at under two heading socio-cultural and
family background
Socio-cultural
factors include such things as the community that the entrepreneur grew up in
or now live in, the value of that society or the social position within that
society.