1.0
INTRODUCTION
This
chapter deals with techniques of data collection which provides the researchers
with relevant information needed for the study. It includes sources of data,
tools and techniques for data collection and administration of questionnaires.
3.1
RESEARCH DESIGN
The research design
used by the researcher in order to obtain answers to the researcher questions
as well as analyzed data for this research was the exploratory method. This
method employ the use of questionnaire to determine the topic of this study so
that reliability on data
collected can be measured.
3.2
AREA OF THE STUDY
Five secondary school
were used for the purpose of this investigation, and the schools are in kaura
Local Government Area of Kaduna State. Although there are many schools in the
area due to time and financial factory. However the five schools that were
visited include, G.S.S Kadarku. These school mentioned have been preparing
student from the junior level (J.S.S) to senior level (SSI) then tertiary level
of education in the country. It is hoping that; the result obtained from the
study can safely be used to draw general conclusion and recommendation at the
end of the research.
3.3
POPULATION OF THE STUDY.
The breakdown of the respondents
were ninety (90) students, sixteen ( 16) teachers and five (5) principals which
make up the total of one hundred and eleven (11) respondents from the five
selected secondary schools respectively.
The entire population
of the five selected secondary schools is two thousand nine hundred and fifty
five (2955) students’ boys and girls inclusive. Also the total population of
the teachers of the five schools was hundred (200) both males and female and
five principal.
Furthermore, the
population of the various schools selected and their samples are described as
follows:
1.
G.D.S.S
Rigchikun : this has a population of 750 students, 65 teachers. Out of 750
students, 65 teacher. Out of 750 students, 30 students were picked randomly as
he respondent (samples). An out of 65 teachers 5 picked randomly as respondents
(samples).
2.
G.G.S.S
kawo : this school has a population of 600 students of which 20 were picked
randomly as the respondent ( sample) and teachers were picked as the respondent
(samples) out of the 45 teacher
3.
D.G.S.S
Kawo: this school has a population of 550 students of which 20 were picked
randomly as the respondent (sample) and have total number of 50 teachers out which
3 were picked randomly as the respondent (samples).
4.
SM.C
:This school has a population of 400 students of which 10 were picked randomly
as the respondent (sample) and has 20 teachers out of which 2 were picked as
the respondent (samples).
5.
G.D.S.S
U/ Sarki: This school has a population of 450 students of which 10 were picked
randomly as the respondent ( sample) and has 20 teachers out of which 2 were
picked as the respondent (samples).
3.4 SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
Base on these study and nature of the population the researcher
used the stratified random sampling technique, where all students in the population have
equal probability or chance of being selected. In order words, it avoids bias
and ensures an objective representation of the population where the selection
of one variable does not affect the other.
3.5 INSTRUMENTS FOR DATA COLLECTION
The
instrument used for data collection in this research was the self designed questionnaire.
It is one of the primary devices for getting answers to question. Using a firm
which the respondents themselves have to fill. The questionnaire were designed
and administered to student, teachers and principals respectively. The
student’s questionnaire consist of 14 items and the principal questionnaire has
19 items
3.6 VALIDITY AND RELABILITY OF THE
INSTRUMENT USED
The
researcher considered questionnaire as the prost reliable, the simplest and
speedy way of obtain the needed information. In addition, the questionnaire
have advantage over other forms of data collection instrument since it permits
a large sample to be reached within a limited time and encourages the
respondents to respond openly and honestly as well as willingly.
3.7 ADMINISTARION OF INSTRUMENT
This
involved taking the questionnaire to the selected schools where it was
administered t randomly selected student, teachers and each principal of the
school. The researcher then explained the procedure for filling the
questionnaire to the respondent verbally. After which the questionnaires were
left to the respondents to be completed within two weeks.
3.8
Methods of data analysis
In analyzing the responses of the
participants, the number of questions designed and administered to students,
teachers and principals were therefore divided by the total number of
respondent and multiplied by hundred (100).
There, the percentage of response is
equal to the number of question multiple by hundred (100) that is the total of
the respondent is given by
FX = Qx × 100
N
Where :
Fx = The number of questions designed
QX = The number of
questions design and administered to students, teachers and principals
N = Total number of respondents.
In answer the
questionnaire, the respondents were required to tick and fill in the right
answer from suggest options provided. some questions required the respondent to
suggest possible solutions or make statement as the case may be.