HISTORY OF COMPUTER DEVELOPMENT


COMPUTER INTRODUCTION
An amazing machine!  We are living in the computer age today and most of our day-to-day activities cannot be accomplished without using computers. Sometimes knowingly and sometimes unknowingly we use computers. Computer has   become an indispensable and multipurpose took. We are breathing in the computer age and gradually computer has become such a desire necessity of life that it is difficult to imagine life   without it.


DEFINITION
For most of the people computer is a machine used for calculation or a computation, but actually it is much    more than that precisely computer is an electronic device for performing arithmetic and logical operation. Or computer is a device or a flexible machine to process data and converts it into information.
To know about the complete process that how computer works we will have to come across the various terms such as data.  Processing and information first of all we will have to understand these terms in true sense
1.  DATA:  Date is nothing but   a mare collection of basic facts
Without any sequence. When the data is collected as facts and figure. It has no meaning at that time, for example, name of student names of employees etc 
 
2.  Processing: Processing is the set of instruction given by the user or   the related data to output calculation, comparisons or the decision taken by the computer 
3. Information: Information is the end point or the final output of any processed work. When the output data is meaning it is called information.

DEVELOPMENT   OF COMPUTER

            Actually speaking electronic data processing does not   go back more than just half a centaury i.e. they are in existence merely from early 1940s.  In early days when our ancestor used to reside in cave the counting was a problem. Still it    is stated becoming difficult. When they started suing stone to count their animals or the possession they never knew that this day will lead to a computer to today. People today started following a set of procedure to perform calculation with   these stones, which later led to creation of a digital counting device, which was the predecessor the first calculating device invented, was know as 
 
ABACUS
 
Abacus is known to be the first mechanical calculating device, which was used to be performed addition and subtraction easily and speedily? This device was a first develop ed by the Egyptians in the 10th centaury B.C but it was given it final shape in the 12th centaury A.D by the Chinese educationists. Abacus is made up of wooden frame in which rod where fitted across with rounds   beads sliding on the rod, it is dividing into two parts called heaven and earth Heaven was the upper part and earth was the owner one. Thus any one can be represented by placing the beds at proper places

NAPIERS BONES

NAPIER

As the necessity demanded, scientist started inventing better calculating device in thus process John Napiers of Scotland invented a calculating device. In the year 1617  called the Napier bones, in  the device, Napiers used the bone rods  of the counting purpose where some no is printed on these rods. These rods that one can do addition subtraction, multiplication and division easily  

PASCAL’S CALCULATOR

 PASCAL’S CALCULATOR
In the year 1642 Blasise Pascal a French scientist invented and adding machine called Pascal’s calculator m which   represents   the position of digit with the help of gears in it

LEIBNZ CALCULATOR

In the year 1671   a German mathematics, Gottfried Leibniz modified the Pascal calculator fn he developed a machine which could perform various based on multiplication and division   as well

ANALYTICAL ENGINE

In the year 1833 a scientist form England knows to be Charles Babbage invented such a machine, which could keep our data safely?  This device was called analytical engine and it deemed the first mechanical computer. It included such feature, which is used in today’s computer language. For this great invention of the computer, Sir Charles Babbage is also known as the father of the computer
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