WRITE EXTENSIVELY ON AT LEAST (5) MAJOR BIOMES OF THE WORLD


(1) Plant community: An assemblage or association of certain dominant indicator species occupying a given region. In California, the desert biome consists of several different plant communities such as the creosote such scrub, shadscale scrub, sagebrush scrub, Joshua tree woodland. The local chaparral and coastal sage scrub plant communities surrounding Palomar college are considered part of an arid desert biome. Some general biology text books have added a seventh biome
called the shrub land biome to encompass these brushy habitats. 

(2). Chaparral: A plant community composed of dense, impenetrable, shrubby vegetation adapted to a Mediterranean climate with winter-wet and summer-dry seasons. The plant community is well- developed in the mountains of San Diego country, following periodic brush fires, many of the shrub species resprout from subterranean lignotubers.

(3). Coastal sage scrub:  A plant community similar to the chaparral, but typically found at lower elevations (generally below 2, 000 feet). Like the chaparral, many of the shrub species resprout from subterranean lignotubers. It is dominated by aromatic coastal sagebrush (Artemisia Californica) and is common in the hills bordering Palomar College. Unfortunately, this plant community is prime land for developers and is rapidly being replaced by housing developments in San Diego country. It is now (2001) considered to be an endangered (threatened) plant community in Southern California.

(4). Ecosystem:  All of the organisms in a natural community or biome plus all of the associated environmental factors with which they interact. The term ecosystem could actually be applied to any of the terrestrial biomes or plant communities. For examples, the tundra biome could also be referred to as tundra ecosystem, the chaparral plant community could also be referred to as the chaparral ecosystem. The term ecosystem is well-suited for aquatic communities such as ponds, lakes, streams and even the ocean. In fact, oceanography is the study of ocean ecosystem. Including ocean, topsoil and atmosphere, the earth is a large, complex ecosystem called the biosphere, however, in terms of the vast universes it is but a mere dot. A self-contained space ship in which gasses and waste are recycled may also be thought of an ecosystem.

(5) Biosphere: (Earth Ecosystem), The zone of atmosphere, land and water at the surface of the earth occupied by living things. In grave danger by the effects of humans including overpopulation, pollution and exploitation.

(6) Environment: The sum total of physical and biotic factors that surround an organism or population of organisms.

(7) Ecology: The study of the enter relationships between plants and animals and their environment. The term environment includes the sum total of physical and biotic conditions, and influence that surround an organisms or population of organisms.
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