CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 DISCUSSION
OF RESULTS RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
This chapter discusses the findings,
summary, conclusion and makes recommendation to issue bothering on the effects
of political instability on implementation of the Nigeria policy on secondary
schools as it affect Izzi local government area.
5.2 DISCUSSION
OF THE RESULTS
Research question I sought to find
out of political instability affects the educational policy on Nigeria
education. The research question was analyzed in table 1 from the findings. It
was discovered that inadequate accommodation, in schools, inadequate teaching
and learning materials and inadequate finding are problems associated with the
implementation of national educational policy.
The average responses of the three
attributes mentioned indicate that they pose serious threat to the attainment
of the objectives of the nation’s education policy which incidentally was
caused by political instability.
Other (2010) highlighted this
problem works against the educational policy and decision mean to benefit from
the nation frequent change of government hinders long term educational plan a
the new government in power abandons or
distorts the plan to suit the politics of new administrations.
Adesina (2011) agreed that
inconsistency in plan implementation is the major cause of failure of
educational policy.
From the following discussion, it is
established that political instability affects the implementation of the
national policy on secondary education in Nigeria.
On the other hand, uwazurike (2001)
posited that political instability is pre-requisite, for meaningful investment
since it assures an atmosphere of peace and
predictability.
The second research question was
analyzed in table II above. The respondents were unanimous on the fact that
political instability affects the teachers productivity in Nigeria. The average
responses from the respondent agree that, incessant changes of governance
interferes with the training programme of teachers. Teachers do not receive
their salaries and allowances as at when
due and that conditions of service of teachers do not receive desired attention
from the government. They agreed that these inadequacies emanated, from
political instability and therefore are inimical to productivity of the
teachers. This explains why many teachers are disenchanted to perform their
roles of teaching. Informing and educating they young ones. Many teachers are
leaving the service especially the male ones thereby allowing the women to form
greater percentage of the teaching staff.
This also tantamount to frequent
industrial action by the NUT which leads to decline in productivity. The view
concides with what cordin (2000) identified as professional militancy. Teachers
find it practical to utilize pressure to compel school administrators to
predicate more professional autonomy and full recognition of their profession.
Again, the financial remuneration of
economy is one of the causal factors of professional militancy among Nigeria
educationist.
Acknowledging this fact, uwazurike
(2006) said that “the organizational structures
of work and principles of work are also vital conditions for
satisfactory performance of work. Ndu and ohiklanm (2005) agreed that “the pay
packet and related benefit contributed to the workers motivation to work as
well as his satisfaction on the job.
Thus, the above deliberation is in
consonance and satisfies the research question II that what happens in the
policy of the nation affects the productivity of teachers.
Research question three was analyzed
in table III from the available data it was found that indiscipline among
students are provoked by political instability. The findings revealed by the
average responses. From the majority of the respondents agreed that, there are
constant student unrest in schools. Prevalent indiscipline among student and
also agreed that schools are closed for parts of the academic sessions as a result of students unrest. They
agreed that political crisis bread
indiscipline in schools.
Osodolor (2007) agreed with the
respondents when he held that Nigeria is a deep socio-economic and political
crisis and could only produce literate but uneducated people indiscipline is a
reflection of policy in disarray. Nwana (2000) inltested this fact when he
outlined the major school offences of students as sex offences, weakness,
strike an demonstrations, stealing, dish onesty, cheating during examination.
Also, Annze (2007) lamented the
pitfall situation in our secondary schools when he said, many of our students
are learning dishonesty and bribery in education. The above situations portray in a bad mode how
political instability has adversely affected education in Nigeria.
The fourth research question was
answered by table iv. It sought to find out if political instability causes
teachers industrial actions, which at times disrupt academic calendar from the
findings, it was deduced that incessant, changes of leadership affect
implementation of education policy, also successive government does not play
equal attention to teachers welfare.
Lastly, they agreed that same
political programmes make demand of teachers impossible. The true attributes
were agreed by the respondents as the major cause of teachers’ industrial
action and disruption in calendar.
Ekoriko (2010) repotted that in the
past three years, strikes by teachers in both primary/secondary schools have
led to closure of many schools and disruption in educational services in a
similar development Okeke (2006) succinctly observed that “teachers
relationship with their employers in chanter by conflicts, protest,
demonstration, distrust withdrawal or services confrontation”.
In the light of the above
observation, no worker not even the
teachers can work satisfactorily in a crisis ridden environment.
The fifty basic research question
was analyzed in table vi. Three items were used to elicit information. On
investigation, majority of the respondent agrees that political instability is
responsible for the production of poor quality students. The major findings
were that succession of government often affects the quality of education.
Again, every government does not
give equal attention to educational development. Also, political disruption
make it impossible for students to remain in their schools. This has led to
production of graduates that highly relied on governments for jobs instead of
gainful employing themselves after their university education. Another effect of
this unpleasant circumstances is the massive production of scientists and
engineers that equipped to solve the problems of the society of their immediate
environment.
Njoku (2009) agreed that, strike
have done an incalculable damage to the stand of education in Nigeria. He
further said that the effect of this development is that graduates of our
educational system are ill prepared to face challenges of their future career.
Similarly, Alao (2008) commented on
this unfortunate, incidence when he said that the outside world may begin to
question that integrity and reliability of the products the went through our
study.
5.3 CONCLUSION
From
the analysis of data got from the respondents in secondary schools in Izzi
local government area it can be considered
that political instability affect the effectiveness of Nigerian policy
on secondary education.
In the first place, political in
Nigeria, there affects the educational policy in Nigeria, there are absence of
learning and teaching materials funds, accommodation equipment and
infrastructure in our secondary schools. The causes have been traced
inconsistency in policy implementation occasioned by incessant, change of
government. Incoming government abandons projects o policies of government.
They succeed unstable economy received part of the blame. It is a well known
fact that the economy, of the country is sick. A sick economy like ours cannot
adequately finance capital intensive educational system like 6-3-3-4.
Secondary, no professional including
the teaching can function satisfactorily in an environment of crisis.
Political instability will increase the
productivity of teachers and enable them
contribute meaningfully to the growth of the nation.
Thirdly,
a nation ridden in crisis, disillusionment corruption, violence among others
cannot be expected to produce
disciplined citizens. It will breed its kind the evidence of poor quality
products and sub-standards students in our secondary schools are as a result of
political instability.
Lastly, the country is not
economically strong as a result of political crisis and could not afford to pay
her workers especially teachers. As a result academic institutions especially
secondary schools are closed down because of industrial actions by the
teachers.
5.4 SUMMARY OF
THE STUDY
The purpose of this study was to
survey the effect of political instability on the implementation of the
Nigerian policy on secondary education.
Research questions were formulated
and the data revealed that the political instability, affects the
implementation of education. Questionnaire paper are administered to the five principles and one hundred and
thirty-six (136) teaches of the five sampled schools in Izzi local government
area. Their responses, were analyzed in weight mean in each table that answered
a research question.
In the table above, the major
finding, were that inadequate accommodation, inadequate funding, strikes by
teachers, violent student, demonstrations are influenced by instability in the
politics.
Other findings which are instances
in political instability consists of changes of government, incessant closure
of schools as a result of students unrest, disruption in academic calendar and
political disruption. All these vices are inimical problem of Nigerian policy
on secondary school education.
The implication of the findings is
that no sound educational progress could be in the face of turmoil. The
government should try as much as possible to avoid policies that could throw
the nation into crisis. Again, a sound economy is needed to finance the
national education system. This could be achieved only if there is political
instability.
Moreover, government should take
into consideration the condition of services of teachers with a view to enhance
their status through the job training, workshops, short refresher courses,
seminars, promotions and other incentives
to improve their productivity. Lastly, number of implications associated
with this study was, also highlighted. Suggestions were made for improvement.
5.5 RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the findings of the study
the following recommendations are made.
Education should be removed from
politics. There should be a sound policy in education, which any government in
power should adhere to. It is not credit to the nation that any government that
comes up abandons the educational hand work of its predecessor.
Again educational development
requires a sound flourishing economy for the economy of any nation to grow, the
policy must be stable. For any educational policy to meaningfully implemented,
that the nation should strive for turmoil.
Further more, government should look
into the problems of teachers. Teachers productivity could be enhanced through
salary structure, in service training, refresher course, seminars and promotions.
Finally, government should
liberalize education, through effective participation of private agencies to
open and set up schools and provide facilities in the schools. Government
should however set standard that will help them control and monitor the schools
and make sure the student are not unduly exploited.
5.6 LIMITATION
OF STUDY
Some of the problems that limit this
research are finance, time and materials. These item ere in short supply,
because of these finance, time and material these study was limit to only
secondary school in Izzi local government of Ebonyi State. Arising also from
time factor and limited financial resources transportation it was therefore
impossible to carry out the study in all the
secondary schools in Ebonyi State. Further more, the work is required to
be completed and submitted at a specific time.
5.7 IMPLICATION
OF THE STUDY
The result of this study has
revealed more unhealthy relationship between politics and education. No sound
educational politics could be properly implemented in the face of political
instability. Economic hardship, unemployment, hunger, insecurity and fear do
not encourage education and these factors characterize a policy that is
unstable.
Government should try a much as
possible to avoid politics that could throw the nation into turmoil and crisis.
This could be achieved through peaceful resolution of all social political
religious or educational factors, which stem the social unrest.
Education should be excise from the
whims and caprices of polities. The national policy on education revised (1981)
ensures of quality of educational opportunities
for all children in Nigeria at all levels. The well intended policy is
unfortunately being used as a means of redressing imbalances. Noted especially
in the northern part of Nigeria, for example, federal character quota system
educational, disadvantage etc. the implementation of these policy conception,
has no small measure constituted a source of potent threat to the very fabric
and unity of this country.
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