INTRODUCTION:
The
problems of the’ eyes develop as a result of manifesting defects in the
functions of the eye. The
eye is affected through the contamination of bacteria, fungi and viruses, and
even physical damages. They
tend to attack the cells of the eye, thereby rendering its functions minimals
and initiative. The lens of the human eye is supposed to be changed by the,
cilliary muscle of the eye naturally, so that, there will be a regular light to
form objects, and its interpretations, but when it cannot function naturally on
its own, there is always eye defect.
SYMPTOMS OF EYE DEFECT
Human
eye defect are felt in the body in the following ways;
(1)
ITCHING - This is the feeling of
irritation on the eye, this can be caused when dust enters the eye.
(2)
SWELLING - This is the sudden
enlargement of the eye, because of internal pressure. It can be caused by a
disease called glaucoma.
(3)
PAINS- This is physical discomfort
of the eye, arising from external influence or applications. It can be caused
when there is a direct hit on the eye.
(4)
REDNESS - This is a system where the
colour of the eye changes to that of a fresh blood signifying an abnormally in
the eye functions. It can be caused when there is inflammation of the eye
conjunctiva.
COMMON DEFECTS/PROBLEMS OF THE EYE
(1) SHORT SIGHT- This defect occurs when, people are unable to see
distant objects but rather see only close materials. This is because the images
form in front of the retina.
(2) LONG SIGHT- Long sighted people are unable to see nearer object
but rather see mainly distant objects. This defect arises because images are
form at the back of the retina.
(3)
ASTIGMATISM- This is a defect of the
eye lens or cornea, which prevents the eye from focusing on horizontal lines,
rather it make it to look shorter or distort
(4)
COLOUR BLINDNESS- This is a defect
in which the person cannot differentiate between certain colours e.g red and
green. This is caused by faulty colour receptor of the eye system.
NIGHT BLINDNESS- This is where a person does not see well in the night
or in darkness, it is caused by lack of vitamin A. This arises when the retina
cannot work properly.
CORRECTION/TREATMENT
(1)
SHORT SIGHTEDNESS - To be corrected
by the use of spectacles with concave lens.
(2)
LONG SIGHTEDNESS -To be corrected
with •the use of spectacles with convex lens.
TREATMENT
(A)
You can use an eye drop
(B)
Eye cream
(C)
Antibiotic /drugs
As
prescribed by the physician or optician.
THE ROLE OF A TEACHER IN THE TREATMENT
OF EYE
PROBLEMS
(1)
The teacher is supposed to keep the pupils with shortsightedness in front of
the class.
(2)
The teacher is supposed to keep pupils with long sightedness at the back of the
class, so that he/she can see clearly.
PREVENTION
We
can prevent most of the above mentioned eye defects by our
carefulness
to our eyes by:
(1)
Eating of a balanced diet that is not deficiency in Vitamin A
(2)
Using of a protective eye glasses in a bad weather condition
(3)
By not allow chemicals to enter into our eyes.
ROLE OF TEACHERS IN PREVENTION OF EYE
PROBLEMS
(a)
Teachers should teach the pupils on the need of food rich in vitamin A, e.g
carrot, fish, and vegetables
(b)
The school/teacher should sensitse parents during PTA meetings on the need of
vitamin A
(c)
The school! teachers should liaise with health officers or officials in
providing/supplying vitamin A supplements to their school.
In
conclusion, we need regular eye hygiene as a preventive measure.