CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH FINDINGS
4.0 INTRODUCTION
This chapter deals with the
presentation, and analysis of data collected in the course of carrying out this
research work. The end brings the use of required data to understand the
various situation with a view to making valuable recommendations and
contributions.
In analyzing the data collected,
table methods were employed by the researcher in the presentation of data.
4.1 DATA
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
Table
1: No of respondent’s lad questionnaires
Questionnaires
no
|
Percentage
|
Number
returned 105
|
87.5
|
Number
not returned 15
|
12.5
|
Number
distributed 120
|
100
|
Source: field work
Table
one above shows that out of the one hundred and twenty questionnaires distributed
by the researcher, one hundred and five questionnaires were returned, amounting
to (87:5%), while the remaining fifteen amounting to (12:5) were not returned.
Table 2: sex distribution of respondents
SEX
|
FREQUENCY
|
PERCENTAGE
|
Male
|
75
|
71
|
Female
|
30
|
29
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Sources: field work
Table
two shows the statistical distribution of respondents by sex. The researcher
ensured that there was fairness in the distribution of questionnaires to avoid
biasness of sex. The percentage ratio is (71%) to (29%) male and female
respectively.
Table 3: Age distribution of respondents
AGE RANGE
|
FREQUENCY
|
PERCENTAGE
|
18-25
|
20
|
19
|
26-35
|
60
|
57
|
36-45
|
18
|
17
|
46-55
|
7
|
7
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: field work
From
the above table, it shows that 20 people are between the ages of 18-25
representing 19%, 60 people are between 26-35 representing 75%, 18 people are
between 36-45 representing 17% of age while 7 persons are between 46-55
representing 7% of age.
Table 4: Qualification of respondents
Qualification
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
GCE
‘O’ level
|
15
|
14
|
OND/NCE
|
35
|
33
|
HND/B.sc
|
40
|
38
|
MBA/M.sc
|
14
|
13
|
Ph.D
|
1
|
1
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: field work
Table
4 shows statistical distribution of respondents by qualification, 15 people
have ‘O’ level as their highest qualification representing 14%, 35 people has OND/NCE
representing 33%, 40 has HND/B.sc, representing 38%, 14 people have MBA/M.sc
representing 13% while only one person has Ph.D
Table 5: Rank distribution of
respondents
Rank
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Director
|
7
|
7
|
Senior
officers
|
50
|
47
|
Junior
officers
|
48
|
46
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: field work
Table
five (5) shows the statistical distribution of the respondents by rank. The
highest percentage of 47% that responded were senior officers, while 46% are junior
officers; the percentage of directors is 7%
Table 6: Length of service
Length of service
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Under
one year
|
17
|
16
|
1-3
years
|
40
|
38
|
4years
and above
|
48
|
46
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: field work
Table
six above shows 17 (16%) respondents have worked in the ministry for less than
one year, 40 (38%) for a range of 1-3 years and 48 (46%) for four years and
above.
Table 7: Would you describe monetization
policy as good?
Options
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Yes
|
77
|
73
|
No
|
28
|
27
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: field work
Table
7 above shows individuals views on the policy, where 77 (73%), of the
population sees it to be good for the growth of the economy of the country
while the remaining 28 (27%) view it as bad and will not contribute positively
towards the economy of the country.
Table 8: Has monetization played any
vital role to your productivity as an individual?
Option
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Yes
|
80
|
76
|
No
|
25
|
24
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: field work
Table
8 above shows that 80 respondents (76%) of the total population benefited from
the policy, where only 25 (24%) denied to have benefited from the policy of monetization.
Table 9: Do you feel unreasonably
pressurized to do work?
Option
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Yes
|
30
|
29
|
No
|
75
|
71
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: Research data
Table
Nine (9) shows the responses to the question whether workers are unreasonably
pressurized to do work. The researcher obtained the result that 30 (29%) said
Yes to being pressurized to work, while 75 (71%) said No to that that they were
not in any way pressurized to do work in the ministry.
Table 10: Can you say that monetization
salvaged ailing workers in your ministry?
Option
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Yes
|
80
|
76
|
No
|
25
|
24
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: Field work
Table
10 shows that 80 respondents (76%) of the population have noticed the impact of
the policy, where only 25 (24%) said they have not yet seen the impact.
Table 11: Can monetization policy reduce
wastes and cost of running government?
Option
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Yes
|
65
|
62
|
No
|
40
|
38
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: Research data
The
questionnaire was administered to investigate the possibility of the policy in
reducing waste and cost of running government. 62% being the majority of the
respondents indicated that monetization of worker’s fringe benefits can reduce
waste and cost of running government, while 38% of the total respondents
disagreed that the policy does not reduce any waste and cost of running the
government.
Table 12: Do you agree that monetization
was only introduced to favour senior civil servants?
Option
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Yes
|
80
|
76
|
No
|
25
|
24
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: Field work
The
results as shown in the above table indicated that 80 respondents represented
(76%) were of the view that the policy of monetization favours the senior civil servants, while 25 respondents,
representing (24%) agreed that it favoured
all cadres of the civil service.
Table 13: Is monetization generally
accepted as a policy geared towards resuscitating the decayed and inefficient
civil service?
Option
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Yes
|
35
|
33
|
No
|
70
|
67
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: Research data.
The table above apparently shows that 70 or 67% of the
respondents didn’t agree that the policy of monetization is generally accepted
and that it is geared towards resuscitating the decayed and inefficient civil
service, while 35 or 33% consented to it, that it is generally accepted and
will gear towards resuscitating the decayed and inefficient civil service.
Table 14: To a reasonable extent, do
your see any negative impact that accompanied the policy?
Option
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Yes
|
70
|
67
|
No
|
35
|
30
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: Field work
The above table shows that 70 respondents or 67%
believed that monetization was accompanied by some negative impact that may
course its short live, while 33% or 35 respondents disagreed to that fact, and
agued that it is a perfect policy that will gear the economic development of
the state.
Table 15: Many said that monetization
policy will not last, as it does not have constitutional backing, do you agree?
Option
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Yes
|
90
|
86
|
No
|
15
|
14
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: Filed work
In table 15 above, 86% of the respondents are of the
view that the monetization policy will not last because it has no
constitutional back ground. Only 14% or 15 respondents believed that the policy
will not end soon because of its positive impact towards the growth of the
economy of the country.
Table 16: Looking at the statement that
says, monetization was poorly implemented in Ebonyi state, is it applicable to
your ministry?
Option
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Yes
|
85
|
81
|
No
|
20
|
19
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source: Field work
Table
16 above shows that 85 respondents representing 81% consented to the statement
that the level of the policy implementation in the ministry wasn’t what to home
about, while 20 or 19% answered No to the statement that the policy was well
implemented in the ministry.
Table 17: Do you think the policy of
monetization would contribute towards boosting the economy?
Option
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
Yes
|
80
|
76
|
No
|
25
|
24
|
Total
|
105
|
100
|
Source:
Field work
From
table 17, most of the respondents amounting to 80 (76%) holds the belief that
the policy would contribute towards boosting the economy, while only 25 (24%)
out of the total 105 respondents said No, that it can not contribute to the
growth of the economy.
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
In order to accept for reject the
hypotheses designed from the beginning of this study. It is pertinent then that
the hypothesis are tested and analyzed.
The researcher therefore used chi-square to test the
hypothesis.
At 95% confidence
level.
DECISION RULE
The calculated chi-square value (x2C)
is compared with the chi-square value. We read from the chi-square table. If x 2C < X2e, the null hypothesis
(Ho) is accepted. If otherwise it’s rejected.
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Ho:
monetization policy does not play any role on workers productivity.
Hi:
monetization policy played a vital role on workers productivity.
Variable
|
Hi
|
Ho
|
Total
|
Yes
|
37
|
30
|
67
|
No
|
17
|
16
|
33
|
Total
|
54
|
46
|
100
|
Formula:
x2 = ∑(FO-Fe)2
Fe
Where:
Fo = Actual
or observed frequency
Fe = Expected frequency
X2 = Chi-square
Therefore:
∑ = RT
X CT
100
For 37 = 67
x 54 = 36.18
100
For 30 = 67
x 46 = 30.82
100
For 17 = 33 x 54 = 17.82
100
For
16 = 33 x 46 = 15.18
100
F78o
Fe Fo-Fe (fo-fe)2
(fo-fe)2/fe
37 36.18 0.82 0.67 0.019
30 30.82 -0.82 0.67 0.022
17 17.82 -0.82 0.67 0.038
16 15.18 0.82 0.67 0.044
0.123
Degree
of freedom = (R-1) (C-1)
D.F = (2-1) (2-1)
D.F = 1
95%
confidence level
X2
= X2
0.95 under 1
= 3.84
If
X2 C ≥ X2 e reject Ho otherwise Accept H1
.: X2C = 1.0123 and X2e =
3.84
.: We accept H1 and reject H0
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS 2
Ho: Monetization policy has not affected the
productivity of workers in the
ministry.
H1: Monetization policy has affected the
productivity of the workers in the ministry.
Variable
|
H0
|
H1
|
Total
|
Yes
|
40
|
26
|
66
|
No
|
15
|
19
|
34
|
Total
|
55
|
45
|
100
|
Therefore:
∑ = RT x CT
100
For
40 = 66
x 55
100 = 36.3
For 26 = 66
x 45 100 = 29.7
For
15 = 34 x 55 = 18.7
100For 19 = 34
x 45
100 =
15.3
Fo
|
Fe
|
Fo-fe
|
(fo-fe)2
|
(fo-fe)2/fe
|
40
|
36.3
|
3.7
|
13.69
|
0.38
|
26
|
29.7
|
-3.7
|
13.69
|
0.46
|
15
|
18.7
|
-3.7
|
13.69
|
0.73
|
19
|
15.3
|
37
|
13.69
|
0.89
|
2.46
|
D.F = (R-1) (C-1)
D.F = (2-) (2-1)
D.F = 1
95%
confidence level
X2e
= X2 0.95
under 1
=3.84
Decision rule:
If X2C
= ≥ X2e reject Ho other Accept H1
.: X2C
= 2.46 and X2e = 3.84
.: X2e
= X2c, we accept H0 and reject H1
4.2 RESEARCH FINDING
In the course of this research
work, the following findings were made.
1. It was
discovered that monetization policy played a vital role on the productivity of
workers as it contributed towards improving their living standard. Further more,
the money given to them in bulk created a privilege for them to make an
investment for better tomorrow.
2. It was
discovered that the policy has drastically reduced over expenditure in running
government affairs.
3. It was
also discovered that some junior civil servants were not benefited in the
policy. Not withstanding the discrimination played in the policy as recorded
above, the ministry of solid minerals has not benefited well in the policy.
4. I
discovered that, this policy if sustained will contribute towards boosting the
economy of the country.
5. It was
also discovered that the policy has improved the productivity of workers in the
ministry. Workers motivation to work becomes adequate as monetization create
financial benefits to workers in the ministry. The study however to a large
extent has achieved its purpose which is to find out the impact of monetization
policy on workers productivity in the ministry of solid minerals, Ebonyi state.