Industrialization
is the process of building up a nations capacity
to convert raw materials and other inputs to finished goods and to manufacturer goods for other production or
for final consumption.
- Five industrial policies in Nigeria
- Import substitution policy
- Export promotion policy
- Balance development policy
- Local resource based policy
- Government
Impart substitution policy: After independence on foreign trade and save foreign exchange. However what turned out was more assem of those items rather than manufacture. This treated the original aim since almost every item needed by the so-called were imported.
Export Promotion Policy: Realizing the obvious pitfalls of the import substitution policy, Nigeria added the policy of export promotion. This involves the production and exportation of new products and those originally increased. To encourage and implement this policy the Nigeria export promotion board (NEPB) was established.
Balance Development Policy: This policy was adopted as a result of the lopsided development of the industrial sector. The main aim of l balanced development of all industries is to promote grater invests within to the sector that is the government wants to create intra industry linkages and inter sectional images so that intra industry transactions could increase
Local Resources Based Strategy : As a result of divining of revenues and foreign exchange for the important of raw materials and spare part the government decided to lay emphasis on the strategy, of a industrializing by local sourcing, or raw materials industries are thus encouraged to find local substitute or alternative of their raw materials. For instance, breweries now grow and use local millet and maize while the ban on wheat information has necessitated the banking of corn bread. This strategy will help maximum utilization of local resources as well as help save foreign exchange, among other merits
Government Incentives: The government of west African countries have encouraged industrialization and the strategies for same through a number of incentives.
These include
- Import duty relief in some cases the government grants – import duty relief to industries particularly new ones for the importation of capital equipment
- Total ban on certain foreign goods
In Nigeria the
government has banned some foreign good
so as to protect local industries engage in the production of similar
products as well as to encourage increase local production.
2. Mention and discuss agriculture polices.
How successful it is if no why
Agricultural policies
are the national accelerated food production project (NAFPP)
This is the desire to induce the masses of farmers to boost food production within the shortest possible ties which let to the establishment in 1973 k of NAFPP, a programme
based on the green revolution concepts and experiences of Mexico, India, Philippines and Pakistan.
Its main
objective is to accelerate the production of six
major food crops which are rice, millet, sorghum, maize, wheat and
cassava
This is to achieved by suing field tested the traditional ones the project which has three components research,
extension and agro services is divided into three phases
namely the minilet, production kit, and mass production phases
The Nigerian
Agriculture and Co-operative Bank
(NACB) the (NACB) was founded in April, 1973 to foster growth in the
quantity and quality of credit to
all aspects of agriculture production including poultry farming fisheries forestry and timber production, hontiecutlrue etc . I is also aims of
improving storage facilities for agricultural products ad
the promotion of the marketing
of agricultural productions
The river basin development authorities(RBDA)
The river basin development authorities(RBDA)
The
development of river basins was
conceived in 1963 with involvement in
the lake Chad basin and River Niger commissions
for countries bordering the lake
and the Niger river. But
the concept was first tried in 1973 with the establishment of the Sokoto
– Rima and them
Operation feed the nation (OFN)
In may 1976) witnessed the launching of the operation feed the nation(OFN) scheme by the Obasanjor regime mainly to increase food production and eventually to attain self sufficiency in food supply other objective of the programme included encouraging the section of the population which relies on buying food to grow its own food. Under the scheme encouragement and material assistance were given to the people in the form of technical advice and the supply of essential farm inputs such as improved seeds, fertilizer pesticides, farm implements, livestock and livestock feed at subsidized price.
Operation feed the nation (OFN)
In may 1976) witnessed the launching of the operation feed the nation(OFN) scheme by the Obasanjor regime mainly to increase food production and eventually to attain self sufficiency in food supply other objective of the programme included encouraging the section of the population which relies on buying food to grow its own food. Under the scheme encouragement and material assistance were given to the people in the form of technical advice and the supply of essential farm inputs such as improved seeds, fertilizer pesticides, farm implements, livestock and livestock feed at subsidized price.
How successful it is if no l why? Because the contributions of agriculture to gross domestic product GDP of Nigeria between 1963/64 and 1983 one of the dogmas of economic development that there is a secular decline of agriculture share in the GDP in the course of economic development by 1963 /64 agriculture was contributing as much as 61.5% to the GDP.
This fell to 14.63% in 1983 there are other reasons which explain the rapid decline in the share of agriculture in GDP IN Nigeria. The mining sector contributions by petroleum assumed greater importance in the economic from 1973/74 financial year and has since not only increase but also maintained the lead.
This sudden upsurge in mining sector contribution to GDP East crisis of 1973 which led to sleep increases in oil prices Nigeria being a producer of oil made gains from these increase with the oil glut, the contribution of agriculture in general marginally fell to 14.6%.