DIFERENTIAL LEUCOCYTES
white blood cels do not contain
haemoglobin which in turn makes them translucent, they also posses nuclei that
are somewhat segmented and are surrounded by electrons inside the membrane. The
production is from the myeloid stme cells originating from a common stem cell
precursor known as the puripotent stem cell. a liter of white blood cells
contain 4.0-11.0x109/L, they divide to form blood cells commited
progenitor cell divisions to form the various precursor
cell which produce the
differential white cells and 2000-9000.ul (Ezeilo, 2002).
NEUTROPHILS: These cells are also called polymorphs; the nucleus of most
eosonophils has two to three lobes and they take up acidic stain like eosin
numbering about 100 to 400 per cubic mm. The diameter measures 12-17ul with
cytoplasm contain many larger round orange-red granules and occasionally
vacuoles and has a normal range 0.02-6x109/L and 0-30% (Ezeilo,
2002). And the lifespan of the cell 8-12 days (circulate for 4-5hours)
(Cheesbrough, 2000). Their function is thought to be anti-allergic properties.
BASOPHILS: these cells are bilobed or trilobed and are observed by their large,
irregular in size basophilic granules which is large blue under the microscope
cotaining heparin, histamine and peroxides; these cells contain granules the
take up basic stain containing 25-200per cubic mm. The normal basophil count is
less than 0.1x109/L and <1.00% (Ezeilo, 2002). It measures
10-12um in diameter and has a normal range of 0.01-0.1x109/L
(Cheesbrough, 2000). Its lifetime is a few hours to few days.
LYMPHOCYTES: these cells are two types small and large lympocytes, the small
ones measure 10-12um in diameter, they have a round or irregular shaped dark
mauve staining nueleus surrounded by a thin rim of blue cytoplasm. The large
lymphocytes are about 10% circulating in adults having a diameter of 12-16um,
comparing both types lumphocytes the nucleus of the large lymphocytes stains
parler and the cells have more cytoplasm. Small azurophilic granules can often
be seen in the cytoplasm. Children have greater number of large lympocytes
compared with the small and have a normal range of 1.2 – 4.0 x 109/L
(Cheesbrough, 2000). And 22-80% (Ezeilo, 2002).
MONOCYTES: these cells are kidney shaped, migrate from the bloodstream to other
tissues and differentiate into tissure resident macrophages, kupffer cells in
the liver. It forms the largest of the circulating white cells, measuring
10-20um in diameter, often with irregular shape. The cells is large often
appearing indedted or folded, mauve staining with a delicate chromatin patern.
They cytoplasm is a clear grey-blue and contains fine granules and occasionally
vacuoles. The lifespan for these cells are from hours to days containing 0.2-109/L
(Cheesbrough; 2000) and 0-7% (Ezeilo, 2002).
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