AN APPRAISAL OF THE EFFECTS OF HE LAND USE ACT 1978 ON THE CUSTOMARY TENANCY IN NIGERIA



ABSTRACT
The land use Act, 1978 has very radically changed the land tenure/customary tenancy in Nigeria especially in the southern part of the country, leaving everyone in doubt as to whether the customary tenancy and system of land tenure survived the effects of the land use Act or has it been swept away. This long essay made an appraisal of the effects of the land use Act on the customary tenancy in Nigeria. It is divided into five chapters with chapter one containing the general introduction, background of the study, statement of the problem etc. chapter two focused on the literature review, bringing to the limelight the views and opinions of various authors and experts in land law such as Prof. B. O. Nwabueze, Prof. Elias and our own Profs. M.C. Okani and Egwumuo of the blessed memory. Chapter three dealt with tenancy under the customary law, features of customary tenancy and types of tenancies. Chapter four x-rayed the effects of land use Act on customary tenancy in Nigeria. While in chapter five, observations and recommendations were made and followed by conclusion.



AN APPRAISAL OF THE EFFECTS OF HE LAND USE ACT 1978 ON THE CUSTOMARY TENANCY IN NIGERIA

BEING A RESEARCH PROJECT
SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF LAW


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page ………………………………………………………….
i


Certification ………………………………………………………
ii


Dedication …………………………………………………………
iii


Acknowledgments ……………………………………………….. 
iv


Abstract ……………………………………………………………
vi


Table of content …………………………………………………..
vii


Table of cases ……………………………………………………
ix


Table of status ……………………………………………………
xii


List of Abbreviations ……………………………………………
xiii


CHAPTER ONE



GENERAL INTRODUCTION …………………………………
1

Background of the Study ………………………………………
1


Statement of the Problem …………………………………………
3


Research Questions ………………………………………………
4


Objectives of the Study …………………………………………
4


Research Methodology ……………………………………………
5


Significant  of the Study …………………………………………
5


Scope of the Study ………………………………………………
6


Limitations of the Study …………………………………………
6


CHAPTER TWO:



LEGAL CONCEPT OF LAND …………………………………..
8


Land Tenure system in Nigeria …………………………………
15


Land Tenure system in the northern Nigeria ……………………
16


Land tenure system western Nigeria ……………………………
17


Land tenure system in the southern Nigeria …………………….. 
17


Land Tenure system in eastern Nigeria …………………………...
19


CHAPTER THREE:


TENANCY UNDER THE CUSTOMARY LAW ………………
20
3.1
Features of customary Tenancy …………………………………..
20
3.2
Types of Tenancies ………………………………………………
23
3.3
Right of the customary Tenant …………………………………..
25
3.4
Tenants obligation to the grantor …………………………………
29
3.5
Determination of customary Tenancy …………………………….
34
3.6
Forfeiture……………………………… …………………………
37
3.7
Relief against forfeiture ………………………………………….
39

CHAPTER FOUR:


THE EFFECTS OF LAND USE ACT ON CUSTOMARY TENANCY
44
4.1
The relevant provision of the Act as it affect customary tenancy ...
45
4.2
Judicial interpretations of these provisions………………………
50
4.3
Right to certificate of occupancy who has a better title as between “holder and occupier” ………………………………………….

59

CHAPTER FIVE:


CONCLUSIONS…………………………………………………
63
5.1
Observation…………………………… …………………………

5.2
Recommendations ………………………………………………...
66
5.3
Conclusion ……………………………… ………………………
68

Bibliography ………………………………………………………
70










TABLE OF CASES
            Abioye and ors V Yakubu and (200) INLLCI-----------------    58
            Adeleke V. Adewusin (1961) INMLR 37---------------------------        51
            Adewoyin Ogunsusi V. Hyamiya Dunodola High  Court Ondo
Suit No hod/8A/82 ------------------------------------------------  38
            Agwu V. Ogoke (Unreported) Suit No HOW/133/1967 of 31/8/67--  31
            Akinkuowo V. Fafumo U. (19650 MNLR 8, 45----------------- 26
            Akinloye V. Ogungbe (1979) 2lrn 282-------------------------48, 37
            Akinloye V. Oyejide (unreported) Suit no. HCT/9A/81-------51, 33, 58
            Akunne V. Ekwuno (1952) 14 WACA 59----------------------   21
            Akwrilowo V. Anwo (1959) WNLR 178 -----------------------  30
            Annan V. Bin (1947) 12 WACA 177 ------------------------------          33
            Arowab V. Adeshina (1946) 12 WACA 18-------------------     53
            Ashoghon V. Oduian (1935) 12 NLR 7 ------------------------   29
            Baillie V. Offion (1923) 5 NLR 29 ------------------------------  33
            Bassey V. Etta (1938) 4 WACA 153 ----------------------------  28
Bongay V. Macauley (1932) 1 WACA 225-------------------     29
            Cole V. Begho (1959) AF SO74 ---------------------------------  33
            Dabiri V. Gbajumo (1961) 1 ALL NLR 225 -------------------- 36
            Emegware V. Nwaimo (1953) 14 WACA 347 ----------------    27
            Etim V. Eke (1949) 10 NLR 43 ----------------------------------  21,28
            Ezeani V. Ejidike (1965) NMLR 95 --------------------------      13
            Ezeilo V. Obi (1960) ENLR 19 ------------------------------------           34
            Holland V. Hodgson (1872) LR 7CP 328 AT 344 ----------       9
            Kugbuiyi V. Odunto (1926) 7 NLR 51 ---------------------------            42
            Ladega V. Akiniliyi (1975) 2 SC 91 ------------------------------            38
            Lasisi V. Tubi (1974) 1 ALL NLR (PART II) 438 -----------------21
            Makanjuola V. Balogun (1989) NWLR PART 108-111---        51
            Mgbeleke V. Iyaji (1931) SC NO. 4/1931 (unreported) -----------25
            Nasa V. Oshodo (1930) 10 NLR 4 --------------------------------            36       
Nkwocha V. Governor of Anambra State (1984) 6 SC 362-----                       42,53
            Ogbakum-Anwu V. Chiabolo (1950) 19 NLR 107 ----------     40
            Ogbode V. Osieo (unreported) SUIT NO 11/9/66 HGIH
Court Ubiaga----------------------------------------------------------          27
            Ogunola V. Eiyokole Suit NO HCL/43/80------------------        52
            Okota V. Falolu (1950) 19 NLR 107 ---------------------------   54
            Omolowun V. Olokude (1958) WNLR 130 --------------------  13
            Oniah V. Onyia (1989) 1 NWLR 14 SC ----------------------------         36
            Onisiwo V. Fagbenro (1954) 21 NLR 3 ------------------------   37
            Onisiwo V. Gbamgboyi (1941) 7 WACA 69 ----------------     30,35
            Okoh V. Ololu (1958) 20 NLR 123 -----------------------------  13
            Okoiko V. Esedalue (1974) 3 SC 15 --------------------------     14
            Okuajeror V. Sagay (1958) WRNLR 70 ---------------------       31
            Onotaire V. Onokpase (1984) 12 SC 19 -------------------                     54
            Oshodi V. Oloje (1958) LLRI ------------------------------           35
            Ramsden V. Dyson (1866) IHI 140 p. 24 -----------------           15
            Salami V. Oke (1987) 4 NWLR 1---------------------------          58
            Santeng V. Darkwa (1940) 6 WACA 52 ----------------  12
            Savanna Bank V. Ajilo (1987) NWLR, (part 57) 421-- 55
            Solomon V. Mogaji (1982) 11SC 1 at 45 -------------------        14
            Snmonu V. Binadu (Unreported) Ibadan suit No. 4 1928 --      24
            Taiwo V. Akinwunmi (1975) 45c 143 ---------------------          37
            United African Company Ltd V. Apaw (1936) 3
WACA 14 - -----------------------------------------------------------          14
            Uwani V. Akom (1928) 8 NLR 19 ----------------------------      40
            Waghor-Egbor V. Agheneghen 1974 1SC P1-------        21



TABLE OF STATUS
            Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999, sections 315(5) (d) and 9(2) 
            Interpretation Act, 1964, Section 18(3)
          Land use Act (Degree No. (6) 1978 Section 1,2,5,6 (b) 22, 24,26 , 29, 34, (1) (2) (4) 36(1) (2) (3) (4) 40 and 50 (1)
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ALLNLR:       All Nigeria Law Reports 
FNLR:            Eastern Nigeria Law Reports
FSC:                Selected judgments of the Higher Courts of Lagos
HL:                 Law of Lords
LRYCP:          Law Report: The Privy Council
LRN:               Law Reports of Nigeria
NLLC:            Nigerian Land Law Repot
NLP:               Nigerian Monthly Law Reports
NWLR:           Nigerian Weekly Law Reports
SC:                  Judgments of the Supreme Court of Nigeria
WACA:          West African Court of Appeal Law Reports
WNLR:           Western Nigerian Law Reports
WRNLR:        western Nigeria Law Report 


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