A LONG ESSAY SUBMITTED
TO THE FACULTY OF LAW
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF LAWS (L.L.B) DEGREE IN LAW
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
page- - - - - - - i
Certification
- - - - - - ii
Dedication- - - - - - - iii
Acknowledgments- - - - - - iv
Table
of contents- - - - - - v-vii
Table
cases- - - - - - - viii-ix
Table
of statutes and conventions- - - - x-xii
List
of abbreviation- - - - - xiv
Abstract
- - - - - - - xiv
CHAPTER ONE
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background
of the Study- - - - 1
1.2. Statement of the Problem- - - - 3
1.3. Research Questions- - - - 3
1.4. Objectives/Purposes of the Study- - - 4
1.5 Methodology- - - - - 5
1.6 Relevance of the Study- - - - 5
1.7. Scope/Delimitation of the Study- - - 6
1.8. Limitation of the Study- - - - 6
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Historical Origin of Copyright in Nigeria- 11
2.2. Meaning and Nature of Copyright- - 13
2.3. Copyright and its Relationship to Other
Intellectual
Property in Nigeria- - - - - 15
1.4 The Rationale for Law of Copyright- - 16
2.5. Works Eligible for Copy Right- - - 20
CHAPTER THREE
COPYRIGHT VIOLATION NIGERIA
3.1. Right of the Copyright Owners- - - 26
3.2. Acts Sufficient for Copyright Infringement- 34
3.3. Liability for Copyright Infringement - 39
3.4. Legal Defenses for Copyright Infringement in
Nigeria - 44
3.5. Copyright Administration in Nigeria- - 48
3.6. Remedies for Copyright Owners in Cases of Infringement
- 52
CHAPTER FOUR
DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN
NIGERIA
4.1. The Meaning and Nature of Intellectual
Property- 59
4.2. The Role of International Organization in
the Development
of Intellectual Property in Nigeria
- - - 62
4.3. The Reason for the Persistent Decline of
Intellectual
Development in Nigeria- - - - - 68
4.4. The Economic Implication of Intellectual
Property
Violation in Nigeria- - - - - 73
4.5. Academic
Effect of the Intellectual Property
Violation in Nigeria-- -- - - - 77
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION
5.1 Observation- - - - - - - 81
5.2 Recommendation- - - - - - 83
5.3 Conclusion- - - - - - - 85
TABLE OF CASES
Adenuga v llesanmi press (1991) 5 NWLR
82……………..31
Akani v. national electric power authority
(1977)3……….479
American motion picture export company
ltd v. minnesota ltd
(1981) F.H.C.L
318……………….33
Anton piller
KG. v Manufacturing process ltd (1976)CH, 5…..57
Bekingham v. Hodgens (2003) ALL E.R (D) 247 C.A…….27
Bellof v. pressdram (1973) ALL E.R 241……………26,47
Blair v. Osbourne & tomkins (1971) 2 QB
78………29
BRALLER v. TRAILER (1830): RUSA & May………….14
Brigid
foley v. Eliot (1982)R.P.C 433……………………..35
C.B.S Inc.& Ors v. Inter magnetic Co. Ltd (1987) F.H.C.L.R.31
Donoghue v. Allied Newpaper
Ltd (1938) CH 101………14,21
Dumez (Nig) Ltd v. Ogboli
(1973)3 U.I.L.R,311………………...54
Falcon v. famous player film Ltd (1914)3 K.B
474……39
Fennig Film service v. Wolver hapton cinema (1914)3 K.B
1171...53
Francis Day and Hunter Ltd & Ano v. Bron
& Anor (1963)1 CH 587…39
Harims Inc Ltd v. v. Martins
club (1933) CH 855……….31
Hawks
& sons . Ltd & sons (London) v.
paramount Film service Ltd
(1934) CH 593 …….36,47
Island record Ltd & Ors v. pandum Technical (1993) F.H.C.R 318……22
Jm Jonhson v. Mobil Oil (Nig) Ltd 1959 WNLR, 134…54
John stones v. Benard Jones PUBLICATIONS Ltd and Anor.
(1938)1 CH 603……………………………………………46,47
Joseph
Ikhuoria v. Campaign service
and Anor. (1986) F.H.C.R. 308…27,32
Ladbroke (football) Ltd v. Willliams Hill (football)
(1964)I W.L.R
273……………………………………………………….21,39
Machilliam & Co. v. coopers (1925)4 T.L.R.186………..16
Madukolu v.
Nkemdilm (1962) 2 S.C.N.R.L.R 341……………45
Master piece Investment Ltd and Anor v. worldwide Bus8iness Media
Ltd and (1997)
F.H.C.L496………………………………………31,39,46,54
Maurice Ukaoha v. broadbased
finance Ltd and Anor (1977) 47…….32
Nicol v. Barranger (1917-23) MCC 219,
231…………………35
Norowzianm v. Arks (No.2) (19990
FSR79……………………23
Offrey v
Chief S.O Ola and Ors. Unreported. Suit No.
Hes 23/68 of
1919…………………………………………15
Plateau publishing Co. Ltd v.
Adophy (1986)4 N,W.L.R (Pt.34) 205
@ 255………………………………………53
Potton Ltd v. youkclose Ltd (1990) F.S.R, 340………………….57
R. v. Rhodes
(1899) 1 Q. B97……………………………………………..44
Ratcliffe v. Evans
(1892)2 Q.B, 528…………………………………54
Rokana Industry PLC V.A.S Maurice and
Ors (1993) F.H.C.L, 243……..58
Sales and Service Ltd(1993) FHCR…………………………………………..29
Society Bic S.A v. Charging Industries Ltd and Anor. (997)
F.H.C.L.R)……………………………………………………………………….29
University of London Press Ltd v University
of Tutorial Press Ltd.
(1916)2 CH 610…………………………………………16,22,
Walter v. Lane (1900) A.C. 539………………………………..23
Williams v. Daily Times (1996) I NWLR Pt. 129, 31……………54
Yemitam v. Daily Times of Nigeria (1986)
TABLE STATUTES
Companies
and Allied Matters Act Cap C. 20 Law of the Federation of Nigeria 2004
The
1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended)
Copyright
Act Cap. C28 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004
Copyright
Decree No. 611970
Criminal
Code Act Cap C.35 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004
The
English Statute of Anne 1710
The
English Copyright Design and Patent Act 1988
The
Patent and Design Act Cap P.2 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004
The
Trade Mark Act Cap T.13 laws of the
Federation
of Nigeria 2004
CONVENTIONS
The
Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Work1886
The
Brussel Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programs-Carrying Signals
Transmitted by Satellites 1974
The
Geneva Convention for the Protection of Phonograms Against Unauthorized
Duplication of their Phonograms 1974
The
International Convention on Economic Social and Cultural Right 1966
The
Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property 1993
The
Trade Related Aspect of Intellectual Property Right 1961
The
United Nations declaration On Human Right 1948
The
Universal Copyright Convention 1973
The
world Intellectual Property 1967
ABSTRACT
Nigeria
is an emerging country and slowly taking its place in the comity of Nations,
from oil and gas to information technology. The Country is gradually carving a
niche for itself as the next emerging destination after China for foreign
investments. However, the country still suffers from years of neglect in the
protection of intellectual property especially as it affects copyright. The
copious provision of copyright Act Cap C28, LFN 2004, which embodies the
current legal regime on copyright protection in Nigeria notwithstanding, the
rate of copyright violation in Nigeria is still on the increase. This long
essay therefore, is part of a series which outlined the various intellectual
property law and practice in Nigeria with particular reference to copyright.
Chapter I embodied the general introduction to the copyright protection in
Nigeria. Chapter II centered on the review of the existing literature on
copyright protection in Nigeria. Chapter III discussed the issues of violation
of copyright in the country. Chapter IV considered the adverse effect of
intellectual property decline on the National development while chapter V
captioned the concluding aspect of the work including my observations and
recommendation.
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
A.C Appeal Cases
C.C.H.CJ Certified Copies of High
Court Judgment
C.L.R Commonwealth Law
Report
CH. Chancery
F.H.C.R Federal High Court Report
F.S.R Fleet Street Report
K.B Kings Bench
KSU-BJPL Kogi
State University Bi-annual Journal of Public Law
L.F.N Laws of the Federation
of Nigeria
N.A.F.D.A.C National
Agency for food Drug Administration and Control
Q.B Queens
Bench
S.C.N.L.R Supreme Court of Nigeria Law
Report
T.L.R Times Law Report
T.R.I.Ps Trade
Related Aspect of Intellectual Property Right
U.I.L.R University
of Ile Ife law Report
W.H.O World
Health Organization
W.I.L Weekly
law Report
W.N.LR Western
Nigeria Law Report
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books:
Anthony
Lilly, Inside the Creative Industry (Cotal publishing 2000).
Ayn Rand, Capitalism:
The Unknown Ideal: Patent and Copyright (Petal Publishing 1992).
David
Bainbridge, Intellectual property (Pitman Publishing 1992).
Doris
Schroeder and Peter Singe, The Prudential Reason for Intellectual
property (University of Melbourne 2009).
Edward Elgar, Global Intellectual
Property Law (Suthern Uma 2008).
F.O Babafemi, Intellectual
Property: The law and practice of Copyright, Trade Mark patent and Industrial
Design in Nigeria (Justinian Books 1994).
G.H.C Boden
Nausen, Guide to the Application of the paris Convention for the Protection of
Industrial Property as Revised at Stockholm in 1967 (World Intellectual
Property Feb.1,1968).
Jeremy
Philips and Allison Firth, Introduction to Intellectual Property Law (London,
Dublins Edinburgh 1995).
Jide Malamo, Copyright law in
Nigeria: some Critical Issues in Professor Uvieghara (ed.) Copyright Law
and Administration in Nigeria (Y. Books 1992).
Laddie
Prescott, Modern Law of Copyright and Design Vol. 1 (Btterworth 1995).
Miller and
Davis, Intellectual Property: patent Trade Mark and Copyright (St. Paul
Miniesta Publishing co. 1983)
Obatosin Ogunkenye, Legal Remedies for Infringement of Copyright
in Professor Uvieghara (ed.) Copyright law and Administration in Nigeria
(Y. Books) 89.
Uvieghara, E.E, Essay on Copyright Law and Administration in Nigeria (Y. Books
1992).
Okany, M. C, Nigeria Law of property
(Fourth Dimension Publishing Co. Ltd 2000).
Alubo A.O, Contemporary
Concern and Development on Copyright Law and Practice in Nigeria. The
Advocate-A Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues Vol.4, Feb. 2002.
Jide Malamo, Copyright Law
in Nigeria: Some Critical Issues in Professor Uvieghara (ed.) Copyright Law
and Practice in Nigeria (Y. Books 1992)
Obatosin
Ogunkenye, Legal Remedies for Infringement of Copyright in Professor Uvieghara
(ed.) Copyright Law and Administration in Nigeria (Y. Books)89.
INTERNET
WWW.asil.org/ipl-cifm
E-Mail:ekpa shedy@rocket mail.com
Htt://en.wikipedia.org
DICTIONARY
Blacks Law English Dictionary 8th Edition.
Stroud’ Judicial Dictionary of Words and Phrases 6th
Edition.
JOURNALS:
The Kogi State University Bi-annual Journal of Public
Law Vol.2, 2009.
1 David
Bainbridge Op. cit p. 25
2 Promulgated
as copyright Decree No 61 1970. See also professor EE uvieghara, Essay on
Copyright Law and Administration in Nigeria (Y-books 1992) p. 5
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