According
to Fredrikson, (2007) three adoption practices exist. Adoption he said could be
independent, agency and inter -country adoption.
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In dependent
adoption he said is when a birth parent places a child directly with
prospective adoption parents for the purpose of adoptions.
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Agency adoption
is when birth parents gives up and transfers his or her legal parental rights
to a child to a licensed public or private agency. The adoption agency become
legally responsible for the care, studies and approves adoptive applicants
adoption, then child in their
home for adoption, then supervises the placement for
three or size months before the court approve the adoptive.
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Inter-country
adoption is the adoption of a foreign born- child for whom the laws of the
country makes a special immigration entry visa available.
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Steinberg,
(2005) noted another form of adoption
called step parent adoption is when a step-parent petitions the court for
adoption of his /her spouse’s child
(current spouse of step parent) from
a former marriage or
relationship. Both the parent retaining custody and the other birth parent must
consent to the adoption. Step-parent much less complicated.
In Nigeria, adoption, adoptable children according to
Funmilayo and Kolawole (2006) could come from:
· Children who are
abandoned in the street
·
Another category
consists of babies who were voluntarily given up by their mother for adoption.
·
Babies rescued
from their vagrant psychotic mothers, whose families can not be traced.
Another category through not common in Nigeria are
babies legally taken from their parents by social workers due to severe child
abuse and neglect in order4 to save the life the child. According to them, once
an abandoned baby is found, the baby is taken to the police by the good
Samarian or “good Nigeria” The police will then write an extract from the crime
diary and the baby taken to the social workers. The social workers than takes
the baby to an orphanage or a mother less babies home. The baby is kept thee
until he or she is adopted.
Apart from abandoned babies, Drame
(2008) opined that there are babies who are voluntarily given out to social
workers for adoption after birth by their mothers. These women are usually
students and commercial sex workers or in cases of parentity dispute or rape.
Once the informed consent has been signed by biological mother and adopted, the
baby can never be retrieved by her later in life. That is why women signing off
their babies have to be certified by doctors as being in normal mental state
(Drame, 2008).