A DISSERTATION
PRESENTED
   IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF
SCIENCE (M.Sc) DEGREE IN MANAGEMENT  
THE DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT,
FACULTY OF
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
M.Sc Work
ABSTRACT
This dissertation is focused on the
Impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) on Performance with a special interest
in Nigeria Breweries and Guinness Breweries, Lagos State, Nigeria. TQM is a
management approach which aims at incorporating awareness of quality in
organizational process. Specifically, the study aimed to pursue the following
objectives to: ascertain the impact of TQM on organizational return on
investment, identify the challenges posed in the implementation of TQM in
organizations, examine the impact of TQM on product wastage and unit cost and
evaluate TQM strategy influence on customer satisfaction. The survey research
design was adopted for this study. The population of the study is 1550 and the
sample size is 318 using Taro Yamane formula. Both primary and secondary data
were utilized to collect data for the study. The instruments used for data
collection for the study are the questionnaire and guided interview. The
hypotheses formulated for this study were tested using the t-test, z-test and
Chi-square (X2) respectively. The study found that there is increase
in organizational return on investment,
that competitive markets and lack
of customer focus are the challenges organizations faced in the
implementation of TQM; there is a lower level on product wastage and unit
cost   and TQM strategies increases
customer satisfaction. The study concludes that adopting and implementing TQM
principles enhanced the organization’s overall performance and finally
recommends that continuous TQM education should be undertaking at all levels,
even for those firms that have already acquired a high degree of awareness of
the concept (TQM).
TABLE OF CONTENT 
Declaration                                                                                                   i
Approval                                                                                                       ii
Dedication                                                                                                     iii
Acknowledgements                                                                                     iv
Abstract                                                                                                         v
List of Tables                                                                                               vi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 
1.1       Background of the Study                                                                1
1.2       Statement of Problem                                                                                  4
1.3        Objective of the Study                                                                               4
1.4        Research question                                                                           5
1.5       Research Hypotheses                                                                                  5
1.6        Significance of the study                                                               5
1.7        Scope of the Study                                                                          6
1.8        Limitations of the Study                                                                6
1.9       Profile of Organizations under Study                                                       7
            References                                                                                        11
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 
2.1       Conceptual Framework                                                                               12
2.1.2    Quality Management Principle                                                                 16
2.1.3   Organizational Performance                                                                      18
2.2        Theoretical Framework                                                                  18
2.3        Empirical Review                                                                            22
2.3.1    Impact of TQM on Organizational return on Investment                                  22
2.4        Challenges posed in the Implementation of TQM in
Organizations   27
2.5        Impact of TQM on Product Wastage and unit cost                                34
2.6       TQM Strategy Influence on Customer Satisfaction                                38
2.7       Summary of Related Literature Review                                                   42
            References                                                                                        44
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 
3.1       Research Design                                                                               50
3.2        Sources of Data Collection                                                                        50
3.3        Population of the Study                                                                 50
3.4       Sample Size Determination                                                                        50
3.5        Validity of the Instruments                                                                        51
3.6       Reliability of Instrument 
                                                               52
3.7       Data Analysis/Statistical Techniques                                                       52
            Reference                                                                                          54
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION IN ANALYSIS 
4.1        Data Presentation in Analysis                                                                   55
4.2        Testing of Hypothesis                                                                                69
4.3       Discussion of Result                                                                                    76
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS 
5.1       Summary of Findings                                                                                  80
5.2       Conclusion                                                                                        80
5.3        Recommendation                                                                            80
5.4       Suggestion for Further Studies                                                                   81
5.5       Contribution to Knowledge                                                                        81
            Bibliography                                                                                     82
            Appendix                                                                                           85  
