Vaccination in bird is to inoculate
with a mildly toxic preparation of bacteria or a virus of a specific disease to
lessen the future effects of the disease. Many type of vaccines were used to
prevent or fight highly contagious diseases like MD (Marek’s disease Gumbro
disease, new castle disease, coccidiosis, fowl pox etc.
Vaccination Procedures
There are a number of ways that
vaccines may be administered to poultry. It is very important that the correct method
be used for each vaccine. The methods we mainly used for vaccinating birds in
EBSU farm are:
1. Drinking
Water: the vaccine is added to the time consuming and its significantly
less stressful on the birds and operations.
The precautions observed are as
follows:-
·
All equipment
used for vaccination is carefully
cleaned and free of detergent and disinfectants
·
Cold clean water
of drinking quality is used examples of vaccines administered with this method
are infections broach its (freeze dried live vaccine) and news castle lasota
strain.
2. Wing
stab: With this method the vaccine is introduced into the wing by a special
needle (s). these needles have a groove along their length. When dipped into
the vaccine, some of the vaccine remains on the needle to fill the groove. The
needles are then pushed through the web. Care is taken to select a site free of
muscle and bone to prevent undue injury to the bird. It common problem is for
the vaccine to be brushed from the needles by feathers. It is used for fowl pox
3. Intramuscular inception: - This method
involves the use of needle to introduce the vaccine into then muscle of the
bird. Care is taken to ensure that the needle does not pass through key organs.
The major muscles used for this process is the breast and high muscles. It is
used for vaccination of egg drop syndrome, infections bursal diseases, mareles
disease, Newcastle disease (I0) etc.
|
Age
|
Vaccine
|
Route
|
|
1-5
days
|
NCDV/IO
|
Intramuscular
|
|
1-5
days
|
Vitalyte
|
Drinking
water
|
|
7th
day
|
Gumboro
|
Drinking
water
|
|
12th
day
|
Coccidiostat
|
Drinking
water
|
|
21st
day
|
NCDV
/lasota
|
Drinking
water
|
|
28th
day
|
Coccidiostat
|
Drinking
water
|
|
6
weeks
|
NCDV
(comarock)
|
Drinking
water
|