HUMAN SEX EDUCATION - INTERCOURSE AND REPRODUCTION


Sex education is a broad term used to describe education about human sexual anatomy, sexual reproduction, sexual intercourse and thus reproduction
In discussing the far reaching implication of  exposing the youths to  early sex education,   we look at youth at risk  for early sexual activity and teenage parenthood   current research  indicates that  fifty  three percent of  families between   the ages of  15  and  19  are sexually experienced
Teenagers at the end of  1980s were likely to be sexually  active than teenagers at the
beginning  of  the decade  despite the advent of programs to encourage sexual abstinence  during this same time period
Moreover, each year approximately one out of ten teenage girls between the  gages of  15 and  19 become pregnant, given the high rate of teenage pregnancies, an important question the needs to be addressed
What factors   put teenage  pregnancy? The  purpose of this presentation is to review what is known about factors related to sexual activity   among teenagers . we  propose that a risk  focused ecological perspective is  useful for understanding teenage sexuality 
Characteristics of the teens and  of their families are predictive of  which  teens and of their families are predicative of which  teens are sexually active   
In addition, factors outside the family such as  schools, work, and neighborhood characteristics can influence rates of sexual activity  among teens . the  ecological perspective  is not only useful for thinking about how the problem can be addressed
1.      Overview of  an ecological risk. Focus  approach
KAREN; the question we will Begin with  today is do we know enough to prevent  early adolescent sexual activity? Today  WP do like  to talk with you about a way of thinking about prevention. David Hawkins and his colleagues at the University of Washington bring other fields for effective prevention techniques. The heart and lung disease prevention models that were being pioneered at Stanford and other places across the country seemed to hold promise.
Their approach differed from other approaches in that if focused on factors that increase the risk of heart disease, a family history of heart disease, too much smoking too little exercise, a diet high in fat.
What was interesting about this approach is what studies indicated about this approach is that studies indicated that people understand the importance of exercise and diet, and by promoting lifestyle changes. The care of the risk focused prevention approach is quite simple. To prevent a problem from happening in the first place, identify the factors that increase the risk of that problem and then address those factors either eliminate them or reduce their effects or identify factors that protect against that problem and support or enhance those factors.
Thus  according to Steve this leads to the question, will the approach that began in the health arena  also work in human development”
The clear message from the literature on child development is that human development is not influenced by one factor buy by a whole mosalic of  factors (Bronfenbrenner, 1986, Segal,  1983) Children  grow up not in isolation, but  in every widening  environments children  grow up,  not in isolation, but  in ever widening environments, children are  influenced first and foremasts. Children are influenced first and foremost by their peers,  their school and work  settings, and community in which   they  live.  Development has no single cause  rather multiple factors working together influence development
THE ECOLOGICAL MODEL
If we are serious about preventing teen pregnancy and delaying early adolescent sexual activity, this   model   suggests the need to address risk factors  at multiple levels of childs  ecology  
DEFINITION OF RISK FACTORS
What do we mean by risk factors risk factors are individual or environmental hazards that increase a youngsters  vulnerability  to  negative developmental outcomes or problems. The   presence of   risk   factors does   not guarantee  a  negative developmental outcome, but rather increases the odds  or probabilities that a problem will occur (Werner, 1990)   
Definition of protective factors protective factors are individual or environmental safeguards that enhance a youngsters ability to resist stressful life  events and hazards and promote adaptation and competence  (Garmezy, 1983)  weren’t, 1990) protective factors are some times the opposite of risk factors are sometimes the opposite of risk factor, the main difference however, is that risk factors lead directly to disorder while protective factors operate only when a risk is present (Ruther  1987)
An  ecological risk focused approach also assumes that risk factors are   cumulative and sometimes multiplicative  
Conclusion the more risk individuals face, the greater the  likelihood that they will experience a problem. Similarly, the more protective factors individuals posses the less likely they are to  experience a problem when faced  with stressful events or hazardous conditions

REFERENCES
Wilson W.J 919870 the  truly disadvantaged Chicago university of Chicago press 
Keeywords; staff training at risk
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