3
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter is
divided into the following subheading-
3.1
RESEARCH
Design
3.2
Population
of the study
3.3
Area
of study
3.4
Instrument
used for data collection
3.5 Validation
of instrument
3.6
Mode
of data collection
3.7
Method
of data collection
3.8
Method
of data Analysis
3.1
Research
design
This research is
a case study designed to find out from ten (10) selected secondary school in
Ikwo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, on how to eradicate examination
malpractice and its evil consequences in our secondary schools and the society
at large.
3.2 Population of the study.
The population
of the study is made-up of two hundred (200) students, tutors and principals
within the ten (10) selected secondary schools. The research chooses to use
staff of the selected schools because they are divertly concerned with the
process of teaching and learning.
3.2
Area
of Study. The research is being carried out in Ikwo Local Government Area is
bounded in the East by Cross River State, South by Afikpo Local Government
Area. Ikwo Local Government Area, West by Ezza Local Government Area and in the
North by Izzi Local Government Area is highly populated with a population of
166, 269 (1991 Census) and a large mass of land of 25, 235km2 .
The topography
of the town-Ikwo is dominated by Ebonyi River and Cross River bordering it. The
climate condition of Ikwo is sub-savana with annual rainfall of about 2060
and rainfall is between the months of March and October with dry season
starting from November to February each year.
Majority of
people living in it are well educated, political and religiously advanced.
3.4
INSTRUMENT
USED FOR DATA COLLECTION
The main
instrument used for the researcher for the collection of data are
questionnaires submitted to the respondents and the reliable information filed
through ‘YES’ or ‘NO’ answeres
The distribution
of the questionnaire was on the went back to contact them. This was to enable
the respondent to supply appropriate response under convenient and leisured
mood
3.5
VALIDATION
OF INSTRUMENTS
With the
assistance of the project supervisors, all ambiguity and contradictions in
wording and content were eliminated before it was administered to about two
hundred (200) students and staff of the population of the selected schools.
3.6
MODE
OF DATA COLLECTION
The researcher
adopted random sampling techniques out of ten (10) selected secondary schools
in Ikwo Local Governement Area of Ebonyi State. To get reliable and accurate
chosen ten (10) secondary schools for the study.
3.7
METHOD
OF DATA COLLECTION
The
questionnaires submitted to the respondents were collected after seventy-two
(72) hours of submission. This was to enable the respondents to fill them under
convenient mood. The respondents were instructed to fill the questionnaires
‘yes’ or ‘No’ answer
3.8
METHOD
OF DATA ANALYSIS
The data were
basically arranged or grouped in percentages.
Number of ‘yes’
had b/200 x 100/1
Number of ‘No’
had c/200 x 100/1
There are also
tables indicating responses from the ten (10) selected secondary schools and
two hundred (200) respondents were selected for the student.
Below are the
ten (10) selected secondary schools with their communities in Ikwo Local
Government Area and questionnaires given to them.
|
S/n
|
Names of sec.
Sch.
|
Communities
|
No.
of questionnaires refunded
|
No.
of questionnaire
|
Percentage
|
|
1
|
Ikwo High Sch.
Abuja
|
|
Arie refuned
|
Arie
unrfuned
|
|
|
2
|
Urban sec.
Sch.
|
Ndufu-Echara
|
20
|
Nill
|
10%
|
|
3
|
Com. Sec. Sch.
|
Abina
|
20
|
Nill
|
10%
|
|
4
|
Com. Sec. Sch.
|
Okpuitmo
|
20
|
Nill
|
10%
|
|
5
|
Com. Sec. Sch.
|
Ndufu Alike
|
20
|
Nill
|
10%
|
|
6
|
Com. Sec. Sch.
|
Eka-Awoke
|
20
|
Nill
|
10%
|
|
7
|
Com. Sec. Sch.
|
Noyo- Alike
|
20
|
Nill
|
10%
|
|
8
|
Com. Sec. Sch.
|
Ebem Ekpa
|
20
|
Nill
|
10%
|
|
9
|
Com. Sec. Sch.
|
Ingimagu
|
20
|
Nill
|
10%
|
|
10
|
Girl’s High
Sch Ikwo
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200
|
Nill
|
100%
|
CHAPTER FOUR
This
chapter includes the following subheading
DATA ANALYSIS
This
is where the researcher discusses the result of her finding. It is aimed at
presenting the data collected. Its findings were collaborate on two points
rades-‘Yes’ or ‘No’ respectively the responses of the respondents with the member
of occurrence I,e the frequencies are expressed in percentages for further
illustration, interpretation and easy understanding.
The
data were gathered from ten (10) selected secondary schools inv Ikwo Local
Government Area.
DATA PRESENTATION
The data presented were based on grouped in
percentages in which the number of ‘yes’ had b/200 x100/1 while the number of
‘No’ had c/200 x100/1.
Question one:- can the teacher’s laxity in any
contribute to the increase rate of examination malpractice among students?
|
‘yes’
|
110
|
55%
|
|
‘No’
|
90
|
45%
|
|
Total
|
200
|
100%
|
Number of ‘Yes’ =110
Number of ‘No’ =90
Percentages
(1) Yes =110/200 x100/1 =55%
(2)
No =90/200 x 100/1 = 45%
from
the table above, it shows that one hundred and ten (110) respondents said ‘yes’
that laxity on the part of the teachers contribute to increase the rate
examination malpractice in secondary schools in Ikwo Local Government Area
while ninety (90) respondents said ‘No’ to the question.
QUESTION
TWO:- Is it true that lack of lbrary in our secondary schools contribute to
examination malpractice in Ikwo?
TABLE
TWO
|
Respondents
|
Number
of respondents
|
percentages
|
|
‘Yes’
|
130
|
65%
|
|
‘No’
|
70
|
35%
|
|
Total
|
200
|
100%
|
Number
of ‘yes’ =130
Number
of ‘No’ = 70
Percentages
(1) ‘yes’ = 130/200 x 100/1
(2) ‘No’ =70/200 x35%
Judging
from this table, it indicate that one hundred thirty (30) respondents were in
support of the question that lack of library in our secondary schools causes
examination malpractice while seventy (70) persons said ‘No’ that was not so.
QUESTION
THREE:- Will hand-over of school to churches help to stop examination in Ikwo
TABLE
THREE
|
Respondents
|
Number
of respondents
|
percentages
|
|
‘Yes’
|
170
|
85%
|
|
‘No’
|
30
|
15%
|
|
Total
|
200
|
100%
|
Number of ‘yes =170
Number
of ‘No’ =30
Percentages
Yes
=170/200 x 100/1 =85%
No
= 30/200 x 100/1 = 15%
From
table three above, it was seen that one hundred and seventy (170) respondents
said ‘yes’ that when schools are hand-over to churches, it will help to limit
the rate at which examination malpractice occurs. On the other side, thirty
(30) person answer ‘No’ that was not true.
QUESTION
FOUR:- Is true assessment that female gender participate more in examination
malpractice than the male counterpart?
TABLE
FOUR
|
Respondents
|
Number
of respondents
|
percentages
|
|
‘Yes’
|
120
|
60%
|
|
‘No’
|
80
|
40%
|
|
Total
|
200
|
100%
|
Number
of respondents for ‘yes’ = 120
Number
of respondents for ‘No’ = 80
Percentages
for
‘yes’
= 120/200 x 100/1 = 60%
No
= 80/200 x 100/1 = 40%
Judging
from the respondents of the respondents from the table above, it illustrates
that one hundred and twenty (120) respondents support that female gender
partake more in examination malpractice than the male counterpart, while eighty
(80) respondents answered ‘No’ to the question.
RESULT AND
FINDINGS
From
the information gotten from different respondents, through the questionnaires
proved that, there are creating factors that contributed to the farming the
flams of examination malpractice. These factors are:- Laxity on the part-over
of schools, To support the above statement the catholic clergyman in advocate
(August 2005) lamented the government take-over of school has umpacted
negatively on the education industry, and other moral decadence. Other factors
include lack of library and the activities of female gender towards their studies.