BUDGETING IN A COUNTRY LIKE NIGERIA


Obviously, in many ways budget documents are the most important manifestation of public they record the outcome of the political process, winners and losers of the political competition. They delineate government total service effort. As political documents’ budget allocate scare resources among competing social and economic needs. As managerial documents’ they specify the ways and means for providing for government services. By establishing the costs for various programmes they set up the criteria by which government
programmes are to be reviewed and evaluated. Budget has become the main instrument by which government attempts to manage economic growth and development. Budget become accounting   instruments by which officials are held accountable for what government does and does not manage to accomplish. In   Nigeria the basic   requirement for the budgetary process in the public sector are provided for in the current constitution of the Federal Republic, Financial Memorandum   Abdullahi (2008). The budgeting exercise at the federal level is strictly governed by the provision of the 1999 constitution. This  involves the required process through  the budget must undergo before it becomes an appropriation act of  parliament which strictly speaking is a form of law binding on  and guiding  the executive in terms  of the implementation of  the budget provisions and  executing  the intending projects and programmes.
At the state level budgeting is also governed to  some extent by the constitution (1999) as well as the financial regulations. Nevertheless it is a different procedure at the local level. He local councils  in the country  are strictly  under  the  regulations of the state house of Assembly  which regulates  their administrative  and financial operations, besides  the  financial memorandum.
This shows  that the budgetary  process at the local level is  largely regulated by the  executive as well as  the  State House of  Assembly.   
The introduction of  the  budgetary control mechanism and its implication in National Development cannot  be complete  the  conceptual framework of the term  budget.
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