BOKO HARAM A CASE STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF PRESSURE GROUPS ACTIVITIES IN NIGERIA TODAY

Boko Harma is a violent Jihadist terrorist  organization which acts as a pressure group based  in  the  north east  of Nigeria. It is  an   Islamist movement which strongly  apposes man made laws. It  was founded by Mohammed Yusuf in  2001. It  is a Jihadist group that   seeks to establish Sharai law in the country. The group is known  for attacking Christians and    bombing churches.
This  movement, whose name  Boko Haram   in the Hausa language, translates   as “western education is sinful”   this  movement group called Boko Haram has created a  lot of 
security threat t the federal  government of Nigeria since its formation  2001. in  2011,   Boko haram was responsible for   at least  450 killings in Nigeria . Boko Haram was also  reported being  responsible for  over  620   deaths  over the first six (6)  months of  2012  in the first few years of its operations  10,000 people are reported to have died.

THE GROUP IDEOLOGY

Boko Haram was founded as an indigenous Salafist group, turning itself into a  Salafist Jihadist group in  2009. it   opposes that interaction with the western world is forbidden and also supports opposition to the Muslim establishment and  the government of Nigeria. The  group publicly extols its ideology despite the  fact that its founder and former leader  Mohammad Yusuf  was himself  a highly  educated man who lived a  lavish life  and drove  a Mercedes benz car. The   members of the groups do not interact  with the local Muslim population and have carried out assassinations in the past  of any one who criticizes it and its activities, including Muslim claries.
In a 2009 BBC interview, Muhammad Yusuf, then leader of the group,  stated his belief that the concept of a spherical earth is   contrary to Islamic teaching and should  be rejected, along with Darwinian evolution and the concept of rain originality from  water evaporated by the sun. Before his death Yusuf reiterated the groups objective of changing the current education system and rejecting democracy
In the wake of the 2009 crackdown on its members and the subsequent reemergence, the growing frequency and   geographical  range of attacks attributed to Boko Harma  had led some  political and religious leaders  in the north to the conclusion that  the group has now expanded beyond its original religious composition to include not only Islamic  militants, but criminal  elements and disgruntled politicians  as well.

ORIGIN

In 1995 the group was said to  be operating  under the name Shabaab, Muslim youth organization with Mallam Lawal  as the leader when Lawal left to  continue his  education, Mohammed  Yusuf took over leadership of the group Yusuf is leadership allegedly    opened the group to political  influence  and popularity.  Yusuf originally  founded the group in the city of Maidugrui in the year  2002 with the aim of establishing a Sharia government in Borno State under  the  formal governor  Ali Modu Sheriff who was still yet  complex that included a mosque and  a school where poor families from across Nigerian and  from neighboring  countries enrolled their children. The  center had ulterior  political  goals and soon  it was also working   as  a  recruiting ground for future  Jihadis to fight  the state., the   group include members who cam from neighboring Chad and Niger and  speak only Arabic

BEGINNING OF VIOLENCE

The group conducted its operations more or less peacefully during the first seven (7) years of its existence. That changed in 2009 when Nigerian  government launched as investigation, into the groups   activities following  reports that the group and its  members were arming themselves  prior to that the government  reportedly ignored warnings about  the increasingly militant character of the organization, including that of a military officer
Later, when the government came into action, arrested in Banchi. The arrest sparked deadly clashes with Nigerian security forces, which led to the deaths of an estimated 700 people. During the fit with the security forces, Boko Haram fighters reportedly “used fuel laden motorcycles and “bows with poison arrows” to attack a police station. The group’s founder and leader Mohammed Yusuf was killed during   this time while in police custody. It was as a result of the killing of Yusuf, the group carried out its first terrorist attack in  Borno in  January 2011  which  resulted in the killing of four  (4)  people. And since then, the violence  has only  escalated in terms of both  frequency  and intensity
TIMELINE OF INCIDENTS
7 September 2010  Bauchi prison break (43)
31 December 2010 December 2010 Abuja attack (44)
22 April 2011  Boko Haram frees 14 prisoners during a jailbreak in Yola, Adamawa State (45)
29 May 2011 May 2011 Northern Nigerian bombings (46)
16 June 2011 the group claims responsibility for the 2011 abuja police headquarter bombing (47)(48)
26 June 2011bombing attack on a beer garden in Maiduguri, leaving 25 dead and 12 injured (49)(50)
10 July 2011 bombing at the all Christian fellowship church in Suleja, Niger State (51)
12 August 2011the university of Maiduguri temporary closes down its campus citing security concerns (52)
26 August 2011prominent Muslim cleric Liman Bana is shot dead by Boko Haram (53)
12 August 2011 prominent Muslim cleric Liman Bana is shot dead by Boko Harma 
26 August 2011 Damaturu attacks (48)(55)(56)
4 November 2011december 2011 Nigeria bombing (57)
25 December 2011january 2012 Nigerian attacks (58)
5-6 January 2012 January 2012 Nigerian attacks (58
20 January 2012    January 2012 Kano bombing (59)
28 January 2012   Nigerian army say’s it killed 11 Boko Haram insurgents
8 February 2012   Boko Haram claims responsibility for a suicide bombing at the arm headquarters in Kaduna (16)
16 February 2012 another prison break staged in central Nigerian;  119 prisoneer Franco lamolinarra and Briton Christopher McManus, abducted in 2011 by a splinter group Boko Haram, both hostages were killed (63)
31 May 2012   during a joint task force raid on a Boko haram den, it was reported that 5 sect members and a German hostage were killed. (54)
3 June 2012  15 church-goers were killed and several injured in a church bombing in Bauchi state. Boko haram claimed responsibility through spokesperson Abu Qaga (65)
Suicide bombers strike three churches in Kaduna state. At least 50 people were killed (66)(67)
17  June 2012 130 bodies was found in Plateau State. It is presumed they were killed by Boko Haram members (68)
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