RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION: POLITICAL INSTABILITY ON IMPLEMENTATION OF NIGERIA POLICY

CHAPTER   FIVE
5.1 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
            This chapter discusses the findings, summary, conclusion and makes recommendation to issue bothering on the effects of political instability on implementation of the Nigeria policy on secondary schools as it affect Izzi local government area.


5.2 DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS
            Research question I sought to find out of political instability affects the educational policy on Nigeria education. The research question was analyzed in table 1 from the findings. It was discovered that inadequate accommodation, in schools, inadequate teaching and learning materials and inadequate finding are problems associated with the implementation of national educational policy.
            The average responses of the three attributes mentioned indicate that they pose serious threat to the attainment of the objectives of the nation’s education policy which incidentally was caused by political instability.
            Other (2010) highlighted this problem works against the educational policy and decision mean to benefit from the nation frequent change of government hinders long term educational plan a the new government in power abandons   or distorts the plan to suit the politics of new administrations.
            Adesina (2011) agreed that inconsistency in plan implementation is the major cause of failure of educational policy.
            From the following discussion, it is established that political instability affects the implementation of the national policy on secondary education in Nigeria.
            On the other hand, uwazurike (2001) posited that political instability is pre-requisite, for meaningful investment since it assures an atmosphere of peace and  predictability.


            The second research question was analyzed in table II above. The respondents were unanimous on the fact that political instability affects the teachers productivity in Nigeria. The average responses from the respondent agree that, incessant changes of governance interferes with the training programme of teachers. Teachers do not receive their salaries and  allowances as at when due and that conditions of service of teachers do not receive desired attention from the government. They agreed that these inadequacies emanated, from political instability and therefore are inimical to productivity of the teachers. This explains why many teachers are disenchanted to perform their roles of teaching. Informing and educating they young ones. Many teachers are leaving the service especially the male ones thereby allowing the women to form greater  percentage  of the teaching staff.
            This also tantamount to frequent industrial action by the NUT which leads to decline in productivity. The view concides with what cordin (2000) identified as professional militancy. Teachers find it practical to utilize pressure to compel school administrators to predicate more professional autonomy and full recognition of their profession.
            Again, the financial remuneration of economy is one of the causal factors of professional militancy among Nigeria educationist.
            Acknowledging this fact, uwazurike (2006) said that “the organizational structures  of work and principles of work are also vital conditions for satisfactory performance of work. Ndu and ohiklanm (2005) agreed that “the pay packet and related benefit contributed to the workers motivation to work as well as his satisfaction on the job.
            Thus, the above deliberation is in consonance and satisfies the research question II that what happens in the policy of the nation affects the productivity of teachers.
            Research question three was analyzed in table III from the available data it was found that indiscipline among students are provoked by political instability. The findings revealed by the average responses. From the majority of the respondents agreed that, there are constant student unrest in schools. Prevalent indiscipline among student and also agreed that schools are closed for parts of the academic  sessions as a result of students unrest. They agreed that political crisis bread  indiscipline in schools.
            Osodolor (2007) agreed with the respondents when he held that Nigeria is a deep socio-economic and political crisis and could only produce literate but uneducated people indiscipline is a reflection of policy in disarray. Nwana (2000) inltested this fact when he outlined the major school offences of students as sex offences, weakness, strike an demonstrations, stealing, dish onesty, cheating during examination.
            Also, Annze (2007) lamented the pitfall situation in our secondary schools when he said, many of our students are learning dishonesty and bribery in education. The  above situations portray in a bad mode how political instability has adversely affected education in Nigeria.
            The fourth research question was answered by table iv. It sought to find out if political instability causes teachers industrial actions, which at times disrupt academic calendar from the findings, it was deduced that incessant, changes of leadership affect implementation of education policy, also successive government does not play equal attention to teachers welfare.
            Lastly, they agreed that same political programmes make demand of teachers impossible. The true attributes were agreed by the respondents as the major cause of teachers’ industrial action and disruption in calendar.
            Ekoriko (2010) repotted that in the past three years, strikes by teachers in both primary/secondary schools have led to closure of many schools and disruption in educational services in a similar development Okeke (2006) succinctly observed that “teachers relationship with their employers in chanter by conflicts, protest, demonstration, distrust withdrawal or services confrontation”.
            In the light of the above observation,  no worker not even the teachers can work satisfactorily in a crisis ridden environment.
            The fifty basic research question was analyzed in table vi. Three items were used to elicit information. On investigation, majority of the respondent agrees that political instability is responsible for the production of poor quality students. The major findings were that succession of government often affects the quality of education.
            Again, every government does not give equal attention to educational development. Also, political disruption make it impossible for students to remain in their schools. This has led to production of graduates that highly relied on governments for jobs instead of gainful employing themselves after their university education. Another effect of this unpleasant circumstances is the massive production of scientists and engineers that equipped to solve the problems of the society of their immediate environment.
            Njoku (2009) agreed that, strike have done an incalculable damage to the stand of education in Nigeria. He further said that the effect of this development is that graduates of our educational system are ill prepared to face challenges of their future career.
            Similarly, Alao (2008) commented on this unfortunate, incidence when he said that the outside world may begin to question that integrity and reliability of the products the went through our study.

5.3 CONCLUSION
From the analysis of data got from the respondents in secondary schools in Izzi local government area it can be considered  that political instability affect the effectiveness of Nigerian policy on secondary education.
            In the first place, political in Nigeria, there affects the educational policy in Nigeria, there are absence of learning and teaching materials funds, accommodation equipment and infrastructure in our secondary schools. The causes have been traced inconsistency in policy implementation occasioned by incessant, change of government. Incoming government abandons projects o policies of government. They succeed unstable economy received part of the blame. It is a well known fact that the economy, of the country is sick. A sick economy like ours cannot adequately finance capital intensive educational system like 6-3-3-4.
            Secondary, no professional including the teaching can function satisfactorily in an environment of crisis. Political  instability will increase the productivity of teachers  and enable them contribute meaningfully to the growth of the nation.
Thirdly, a nation ridden in crisis, disillusionment corruption, violence among others cannot be  expected to produce disciplined citizens. It will breed its kind the evidence of poor quality products and sub-standards students in our secondary schools are as a result of political instability.
            Lastly, the country is not economically strong as a result of political crisis and could not afford to pay her workers especially teachers. As a result academic institutions especially secondary schools are closed down because of industrial actions by the teachers.

5.4 SUMMARY OF THE STUDY
            The purpose of this study was to survey the effect of political instability on the implementation of the Nigerian policy on secondary education.
            Research questions were formulated and the data revealed that the political instability, affects the implementation of education. Questionnaire paper are administered to the  five principles and one hundred and thirty-six (136) teaches of the five sampled schools in Izzi local government area. Their responses, were analyzed in weight mean in each table that answered a research question.
            In the table above, the major finding, were that inadequate accommodation, inadequate funding, strikes by teachers, violent student, demonstrations are influenced by instability in the politics.
            Other findings which are instances in political instability consists of changes of government, incessant closure of schools as a result of students unrest, disruption in academic calendar and political disruption. All these vices are inimical problem of Nigerian policy on secondary school education.
            The implication of the findings is that no sound educational progress could be in the face of turmoil. The government should try as much as possible to avoid policies that could throw the nation into crisis. Again, a sound economy is needed to finance the national education system. This could be achieved only if there is political instability.


            Moreover, government should take into consideration the condition of services of teachers with a view to enhance their status through the job training, workshops, short refresher courses, seminars, promotions and other incentives  to improve their productivity. Lastly, number of implications associated with this study was, also highlighted. Suggestions were made for improvement.
5.5 RECOMMENDATIONS
            Based on the findings of the study the following recommendations are made.
            Education should be removed from politics. There should be a sound policy in education, which any government in power should adhere to. It is not credit to the nation that any government that comes up abandons the educational hand work of its predecessor.
            Again educational development requires a sound flourishing economy for the economy of any nation to grow, the policy must be stable. For any educational policy to meaningfully implemented, that the nation should strive for turmoil.
            Further more, government should look into the problems of teachers. Teachers productivity could be enhanced through salary structure, in service training, refresher course, seminars and promotions.
            Finally, government should liberalize education, through effective participation of private agencies to open and set up schools and provide facilities in the schools. Government should however set standard that will help them control and monitor the schools and make sure the student are not unduly exploited.
5.6 LIMITATION OF STUDY
            Some of the problems that limit this research are finance, time and materials. These item ere in short supply, because of these finance, time and material these study was limit to only secondary school in Izzi local government of Ebonyi State. Arising also from time factor and limited financial resources transportation it was therefore impossible to carry out the study in all the  secondary schools in Ebonyi State. Further more, the work is required to be completed and submitted at a specific time.
5.7 IMPLICATION OF THE STUDY
            The result of this study has revealed more unhealthy relationship between politics and education. No sound educational politics could be properly implemented in the face of political instability. Economic hardship, unemployment, hunger, insecurity and fear do not encourage education and these factors characterize a policy that is unstable.
            Government should try a much as possible to avoid politics that could throw the nation into turmoil and crisis. This could be achieved through peaceful resolution of all social political religious or educational factors, which stem the social unrest.
            Education should be excise from the whims and caprices of polities. The national policy on education revised (1981) ensures of quality of educational opportunities  for all children in Nigeria at all levels. The well intended policy is unfortunately being used as a means of redressing imbalances. Noted especially in the northern part of Nigeria, for example, federal character quota system educational, disadvantage etc. the implementation of these policy conception, has no small measure constituted a source of potent threat to the very fabric and unity of this country.


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