CHAPTER THREE
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter dealt with the research
mythology and procedure for gathering and analyzing data used for this study
for the purpose of charity this chapter was discussed under the following
heading.
1.
Design
of the study.
2.
Area
of the study
3.
Population
of the study
4.
Sample
and sampling techniques
5.
The
instrument
6.
Administrative
of instrument
7.
Validation
of instrument
8.
Method
of data analysis.
3.2 DESIGN OF
THE STUDY
The study was a survey research
designed to identify the impact of political instability on the implementation
of Nigeria policy on secondary education in Izzi local government.
3.3 AREA OF THE
STUDY
The research was carried out in
Izzi local government a geo-political entity located in Ebonyi State. It has
about fifteen (15) secondary schools. It is located at Ebonyi central zone and
is one of the oldest local government created in then Anambra state.
The population of study is one
landred and (150) participants. All were from Izzi which made up of (7) schools
and (7) principals inclusive.
3.4 SAMPLE AND
SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
The research used all the principal
and teachers from the seven (7) selected secondary schools in Izzi local
government area. Since the population is small. Seven (7) principal and one
hundred and thirty six teachers were randomly selected.
3.5 THE
INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION
One set of questionnaire was
designed for the study. Principals and the teachers formed the entire
population used for the study.
The content of the questionnaire
reflected the researcher objectives and research questions. All the items of
the questionnaire were structured along like scale type as shown below.
i.
Strongly Agree = SA
ii.
Agree = A
iii.
Undecided = UD
iv.
Disagree = D
v.
Strongly Disagree = SD
3.6 ADMINISTRATIVE
OF INSTRUMENT
The questionnaire was personally
administrated by the researcher in the selected schools. This ensured that all
the respondents, were grinded and maxim
return. A brief introductory letter was made to ensure that the respondents
fill appropriate.
3.7 VALIDATION
OF INSTRUMENT
Prior to administration of the
questionnaire. It was examined by the project supervisors for face validity of
the instrument. Besides some experts in measurement and evaluation in the
institution of education did the content validation.
3.8 RELIABILITY
OF THE INSTRUMENT
Data collected are presented in
frequency distribution table 1-5 and discipline statistics using mean and
frequencies are adopted in the analysis to determine the degree of agreement of
disagreement on the subject response.
Mean value weight of
5 SA - seriously
Agree
4 A - Agree
3 UN - Undecided
1 SD - Seriously
Disagree
Also subject mean responses were
calculated respectively; using 0.5 confidence level of the mean, the cut off
point for agreed statement was any mean below 3.5
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 PRESENTATION OF RESULTS
In the presentation and analysis of data
for this research work about one hundred and fifty (150questionnaires are
filled and return.
The education qualification of the
respondents form national certificate of education (NCE). Bachelor in
education, which represent officers of grade level 07 and above i.e principals
and teachers.
However, the emphasis on the analysis
will be placed on hose questions, which have direct bearing, or revenues on the
formulated hypothesis or objective of this study. The sample of the
questionnaire used is made available in the appendix.
Research question 1, does political
instability affect the educational polities in Izzi Local government area.
Table 1 (1tem 1-3) the first basic
research question seek to find out whether political instability affect the
educational policies of Nigeria with particular reference to Izzi local
government are.
S/N
|
QUESTION
|
SA
|
A
|
UD
|
D
|
SD
|
Mean
|
Decision
|
1
|
Essential teaching and materials
in your school appear to be inadequate
|
70
|
70
|
0
|
9
|
1
|
4.32
|
A
|
2
|
Inadequate funds militate against the
implementation of the policy on secondary education in Izzi local government
area
|
60
|
70
|
2
|
10
|
8
|
4.09
|
A
|
3
|
Inadequate accommodation
facilities in schools effect the policy on secondary education
|
90
|
50
|
-
|
10
|
-
|
4.46
|
A
|
The table above represents the mean
responses, of principals and teachers on the effect of political instability on
the implementation of the Nigeria policy on secondary education with particular
reference to Izzi Local government area. The data shows that lack of adequate
essential teaching and learning materials impede successful implementation of
policy on secondary education. The respondent, also agree that inadequate funds
and lack of accommodation facilities in secondary schools poses threats to the
implementation of the policy. From the
responses, in the table 1 above, the basic research question which seeks to
know if political instability affect the implementation of Izzi local
government area policy on secondary education have been answered.
Research
question two
Does
political instability affect the teachers’ productivity in local government
area?
Table two (items
4-6)
The
research question seeks to find out, if political instability affect the
teacher’s productivity in Izzi local
government area.
S/N
|
QUESTION
|
SA
|
A
|
UD
|
D
|
SD
|
Mean
|
Decision
|
4
|
Incessant changes of government affect
training of teachers
|
50
|
86
|
-
|
9
|
5
|
4.1
|
A
|
5
|
Teachers do not receive their
salaries and allowances as and when due
|
106
|
20
|
-
|
13
|
11
|
4.3
|
A
|
6
|
Condition of services of teachers
does not receive desired attention from government
|
50
|
80
|
40
|
10
|
6
|
4.05
|
A
|
From the table 2 above the mean
responses, from data show that, the principles and teachers agreed the change
in government affect training programme of teachers. The table also reveal the
teacher do not receive the adequate attention they deserved from the
government.
The response also reveals that the
three items measured hinder educational progress as well as teacher’s productivity. Therefore we can conclude that
the table answer the question that political instability affect production of
teachers in Izzi local government area.
Research
question three
Is indiscipline among students
examination malpractice linked to political instability? The third research
question seeks to discover if indiscipline among student are as a result of
political instability.
S/N
|
QUESTION
|
SA
|
A
|
UD
|
D
|
SD
|
Mean
|
Decision
|
7
|
There are constant student unrest
in schools as a result of frequent changes in power
|
60
|
50
|
10
|
15
|
15
|
3.83
|
A
|
8
|
There are prevalent indiscipline
among student schools are closed
|
60
|
55
|
-
|
15
|
0
|
4.3
|
A
|
9
|
Form most parts of the academic
session as a result of student unrest
|
70
|
55
|
5
|
20
|
0
|
4.1
|
A
|
In
table 3 above, the data shows the reactions of respondent to the various items,
which attempt to answer the research, question three. The table reveals that
the respondents agreed that constant student unrest are occasioned by frequent
changes of power. Also there is prevalent indiscipline among students. Schools
are closed for most pare of the academic session as evidence in the table
above.
The result of table prevailed that
the above items, jugging from the high range of agreement answer the research
question which stated the indiscipline among student are as a result of
political instability.
Research
question 4.
Does
political instability cause teachers industrial action and in academic
calendar?
S/N
|
QUESTION
|
SA
|
A
|
UD
|
D
|
SD
|
Mean
|
Decision
|
10
|
Incessant change of government
affect educational policies
|
65
|
45
|
0
|
20
|
20
|
3.76
|
A
|
11
|
Successive government does not
consider teacher’s welfare equally
|
60
|
70
|
10
|
15
|
5
|
4.37
|
A
|
12
|
Some political programme make impossible demand of teachers
|
55
|
45
|
10
|
20
|
20
|
3.63
|
A
|
The data in table four above, show that
the mean responses agreed that incessant change of government affect the
educational policy. Successive government also not consider teachers welfare
equally while majority agreed that some political programmes make teachers
demand impossible.
The result therefore shows that
political instability cause teachers industrial actions and disruption of
academic calendar.
Research
question 5
Does
political instability cause the production of poor quality student?
Table
v (items 13-15)
The
research question 5 sought to find out the extent in which political
instability contributed to production of poor quality of students.
S/N
|
QUESTION
|
SA
|
A
|
UD
|
D
|
SD
|
Mean
|
Decision
|
13
|
Succession of government often
affects the quality of education
|
60
|
67
|
0
|
13
|
10
|
4.02
|
A
|
14
|
Every government does not give
equal attention to educational development
|
55
|
60
|
5
|
20
|
10
|
3.87
|
A
|
15
|
Political disruption makes it
impossible for student to remain in school
|
60
|
80
|
0
|
10
|
0
|
4.26
|
A
|
In
table five above, the mean response for the respondents agree that succession
of government affect quality of education. Every government does not give equal
attention to education development and political instability make it impossible
for student to remain in schools. The above therefore answered the researcher
question 5.