NURSING HISTORY IN NIGERIA


According to Nursing and Midwifery Council  of Nigeria (2005) , the detailed history of a profession that combines scientific principle , technical skills  and personal  comparison can’t be precisely relayed but records hold that nursing came to limelight in  1854  when  the mother of professional nursing , Florence Nightingale started the battlefield with other  38  nurses and cared for the sick and injured men  during the Crimean war in England.  Here persistence dedicated services, day and night , experiences  paid off by making her famous and  recognized as  a lady 
with lamp. Her metric service resulted to the beginning of professional nursing.
Though, nursing in the early days was primarily a family matter with mothers caring  for their own families or neighbors   assisting each other.
In 1880, the status of nursing was greatly improved and many women including   religious order were now involved in patients care. During the era, there are many school of   nursing  for trained nurse throughout Europe with the first school established in  1836  by parker  Theorder Fliedner in his parisn in Kavesworth Germany through the influence of Florence Nightingale the Kareworth school.
In 1882, came the first movement for the recognition and registration of nurse.
International body were formed Emirgare Royal Births Nurses  Council  of nurses established in 1893  and international council of nurse was established with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland and branches all   over the world. Also in 1926 ,  the British college of nurses was founded. The first African American graduate nurse, Mary E. Mahoney, who promoted integration and better working condition, for black patients and healthcare workers.
Though nursing came to Nigerian through the British colonial master. They provided services and medical care for wounded soldiers at the forth with hospital later   the first nursing home in Nigeria in Jericho, Ibadan by the government of the British colonial master 
Later on, missionaries and their wives came to supplement government effort by setting   up mission homes, dispensaries etc and commence the training of nurses in Nigeria, though language barriers, there was  no formal training but on the job  acquisitions  skills and practical aspect are been rendered by nursing surgery
The regional government in Nigeria began the training of nurses by setting  individual regional standard in 1949, the school of nursing, Eleyele  was  established to facilitate the training of nurses, later in 1952 , the  university college hospital Ibadan started  the training of nurses in a higher standard. In 1949, the nursing council of Nigeria was established  to complement the efforts to the various  training bodies and creating standards for nurse.
By  1965,  department of nursing was established in the university of Ibadan to commence a degree programme in Nigeria. Later on university of Ife in 1972  and university  of  Nigeria Enugu also started degree in 1983 ,  at present all  the states  in  Nigeria has one or more school of nursing, midwifery and kind of post basic schools. More degree awarding institution has been granted the licencse to  produce degree holder in nursing. Among them  are Ahmadu Bello university, zairia.  University of Calabar, Calabar, Ladoke Akintola University (LAUTECH) Ogbomoso.
Also Private University, Babcok university, Disan Remo: Leadcity university, Madonna university among others started degree in nursing. Nurses, according to the ICN code of ethics as reviewed in 2005, have four fundamental responsibilities to promote health, to prevent illness, to restore health and to alleviate suffering. The need to nursing is universal inherent  in nursing is respect for human rights, including cultural rights, the right to life  and choice, to dignity and to be treated with respect. Nursing care is respectful and unrestricted by considerations of age, colour, creed, culture, disability or illness, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, polities, race or social status.
Nurses render health services to the individual, the family and the community and coordinate their services with those of related groups. Before  1981 , nursing was  adjudged  a vocation in Nigeria, but by virtue  of the industrial arbitration panel (IAP ) award of 1981, nursing got the recognition of a full-fledge profession
Arising from that pronouncement, the association has been  working with the N & MCN  to take nursing to the highest pedestal of professionalism and one  of the ways is  through nursing education reforms.
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